| 基于水文地质条件分析的岩溶水源地保护区划分 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵宪伟,邬 立,韩 旭.基于水文地质条件分析的岩溶水源地保护区划分[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(4):526-532. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵宪伟 邬 立 韩 旭 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京师范大学水科学研究院 |
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| 摘 要： | 以邢台百泉岩溶水系统为例，分析了邢台百泉岩溶水系统的地下水流场受人类活动影响的演变特征，并采用数值模拟法预测了超采条件下水源地未来十年流场的变化。首次发现了泉域矿山疏排水形成了“沙河人工分水岭”并迅速北移的现象，标志百泉泉域地下水资源恶化严重，提出了在复杂岩溶水文地质条件下，采用以计算流程的方法划分保护区造成保护区浪费和碳酸盐岩裸露补给区没有保护的问题。在兼顾水质保护和水资源量可持续利用的前提下，分析了水源地上覆地层的防护能力和碳酸盐岩裸露补给区矿山疏排水对水源地的影响，将碳酸盐岩裸露补给区划分为二级保护区，突破了传统的“二级保护区包裹一级保护区”的模式，以较小的保护区面积有效地保证水源地的水质安全和可持续利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 水文地质条件 水源地保护区 百泉岩溶水系统 |
Division of karst water protection areas based on analysis of hydrogeologic conditions |
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| ZHAO Xianwei,WU Li and HAN Xu.Division of karst water protection areas based on analysis of hydrogeologic conditions[J].Carsologica Sinica,2017,36(4):526-532. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Xianwei WU Li and HAN Xu |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University2.North China Engineering Investigation Institute Co．，Ltd3.Xingtai Environmental Protection Bureau |
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| Abstract: | This paper discussed the division of water source protection zones in karst areas with complex hydro-geological conditions. Taking the Baiquan karst water system of Xingtai City, Hebei Province as an example, we analyzed the historical evolution characters of the groundwater flow field of the karst system influenced by human activities, and forecasted the variation of this field in ten years under the conditions of over exploitation by the numerical modeling method. It is found that "the artificial watershed of the Shahe River" has formed due to water drainage from mines in the spring areas, which is moving north rapidly, indicative of the seriousness of water resource shortage in the Baiquan karst area. We suggested that under complex karst hydro-geological conditions, if the protection zone is divided using the calculation flow method, it can result in waste of the protected area and the non-protection of the recharge area with carbonate exposure. On the premise of water quality protection and sustainability of water resources, we analyzed the protective capability of overlying strata of the water source and the influence on the water source of drainage from mines in the recharge area with carbonate exposure. Such recharge area should be attributed to a secondary protection zone, which breaks the traditional pattern of "the primary protection zone enclosed by the second protection zone". The overall water level of the Baiquan karst water system has increased for nearly 30 m in two years since the adjustment of the protection area, which proves that the quality and sustainability of the water source with a relatively small protection zone is guaranteed by the new division method and that the hydrogeological condition analysis is important for the division of water source protection zones in complicated areas. |
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| Keywords: | hydrogeologic conditions drinking water sources protection area Baiquan karst system |
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