| 喀斯特洞穴康养适宜性评价——以贵州红果树景区天缘洞为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 贾真真,黎有为,高占冬,汪炎林,吴克华.喀斯特洞穴康养适宜性评价——以贵州红果树景区天缘洞为例[J].中国岩溶,2019,38(5):815-822. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾真真 黎有为 高占冬 汪炎林 吴克华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.贵州省山地资源研究所，贵阳 550001/贵州省喀斯特洞穴（旅游）资源开发利用工程技术研究中心，贵阳 550001/贵州省洞穴协会，贵阳 550001 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家十三五重点研发计划项目“喀斯特高原石漠化综合治理与山地旅游产业技术与示范”（2016YFC0502606）；贵州省科技计划项目“射电天文望远镜（FAST）石漠化区生态服务功能调节及洞穴养生资源开发利用与示范”（黔科合SY字[2015]3018）；贵州省科技计划项目“喀斯特洞穴空气负离子时空演变规律及机制研究——以红果树景区为例”（黔科合基础[2017]1173号）；贵州省喀斯特洞穴养疗资源开发利用与服务企业行动计划（黔科合平台人才[2017]5720-001）；贵州省科研机构服务企业行动计划项目“贵州特色文化旅游产业服务平台建设”（黔科合服企[2015]4014） |
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| 摘 要： | 被誉为“空气维生素”的空气负离子具有调节神经中枢、促进新陈代谢等生物效应，有益于人体身心健康；同时负离子还具有抑菌、杀菌的作用，在喀斯特洞穴中负离子含量高，也造就了洞内洁净的空气。喀斯特洞穴康养就是依托于洞穴环境与小气候而开展的疗养、康体、休闲等一系列有益身心健康的活动。本文采用指数分析法，从人体感受与环境卫生学角度选取人体气候舒适度指数、空气清洁度指数和空气负离子富含度指数构建喀斯特洞穴康养功能指数（CRFI）并以贵州红果树景区天缘洞为实例，来评价喀斯特洞穴的康养适宜性。通过层次分析法确定三个指标权重分别为0.142、0.286、0.572。根据2017年8月至2018年7月的洞穴环境连续监测数据发现，天缘洞洞内氡浓度年均为610.26 Bq.m-3，洞内CO2浓度年均521.900 ×10-6，符合国际辐射安全要求，满足洞穴康养开展的前提条件；洞内年均温为14 ℃，相对湿度大，人体气候舒适度相对较低；洞内正负离子含量在时间与空间上都存在较大幅度的变化，负离子浓度空间分布规律存在以TY-4地下湖为中心向洞口方向逐渐递减趋势，天缘洞4-9月全洞段空气负离子含量较高，空气清洁度指数均高于1.00，属于最清洁空气，极有利于人体健康。天缘洞全年的洞穴康养功能指数显示天缘洞最佳洞穴康养时间为5月与9月，最佳康养地点位于TY-4地下湖附近，仅有12月与1月不适宜开展洞穴康养活动。
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| 关 键 词： | 喀斯特洞穴 洞穴环境 洞穴康养功能指数（CRFI） 天缘洞 |
Research on composite evaluation index of karst cave health effects: A case study of Tianyuan cave in Hongguoshu area of Guizhou |
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| JIA Zhenzhen,LI Youwei,GAO Zhandong,WANG Yanlin and WU Kehua.Research on composite evaluation index of karst cave health effects: A case study of Tianyuan cave in Hongguoshu area of Guizhou[J].Carsologica Sinica,2019,38(5):815-822. |
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| Authors: | JIA Zhenzhen LI Youwei GAO Zhandong WANG Yanlin and WU Kehua |
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| Institution: | 1.Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guiyang， Guizhou 550001, China/Engineering and Technology Research Center for Karst Cave(Tourism)Resource Development and Utilization, Guiyang， Guizhou 550001, China/Guizhou Cave Association, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China2.School of Karst Science, Guizhou NormaL University, Guiyang 550001, China |
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| Abstract: | Air negative anion, known as "air vitamin", has biological effects such as regulating nerve centers and promoting metabolism, and is beneficial to physical and mental health. At the same time, negative ions also have antibacterial and bactericidal effects. The content of negative ions in Karst caves is high, and clean air in the cave is also created. Karst cave's natural health care is a series of activities that are beneficial to physical and mental health based on the cave environment and microclimate.It has more leisure and health care functions than speleotherapy. This paper uses index analysis method to select human climate comfort, air cleanliness and air anion enrichment from the perspective of human feeling and environmental hygiene to construct the cave health function index (CRFI), the weights of the three indicators are 0.142, 0.286, 0.572. The evaluation results of the cave health function index were divided into four grades, above 0.8 is very suitable for health activities, and less than 0.2 is not suitable. According to Tianyuan cave environment monitoring data from August 2017 to July 2018, found the cave within the annual average temperature of 14 ℃, relative humidity of 88.88%, human body comfort level is relatively low. The annual radon concentration in the cave is 610.26 Bq.m-3, which meets the international radiation safety requirements. Positive and negative ions content have a significant change in time and space, and negative ion concentration spatial distribution takes TY-4 underground lake as the center and gradually decreases towards two holes of the cave. Air negative ions content is higher in the whole cave from April to September, and the air cleanliness index are higher than 1.00, belongs to the most clean air, very beneficial to human body health. From December to January, the negative ion content in each monitoring site was less than 1,000?cm-3. The health function index of Tianyuan cave shows that the best health care time is may and September, and the best health care site is near the underground lake of TY-4, and only December and January are not suitable for cave health activities. |
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| Keywords: | karst caves cave environment cave health function index (CRFI) tianyuan cave |
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