| 成都市白垩系灌口组富膏盐红层溶蚀特征与机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩浩东,王春山,王东辉,李鹏岳,李华,杨涛.成都市白垩系灌口组富膏盐红层溶蚀特征与机理[J].中国岩溶,2021,40(5):768-782. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩浩东 王春山 王东辉 李鹏岳 李华 杨涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心，四川 成都610081 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局水工环调查项目《成都多要素城市地质调查》（DD20189210）；《成渝地区双城经济圈成绵乐发展带资源环境综合地质调查》（DD20211402）；四川省科技计划项目《成都地下膏盐溶蚀过程中力学性质变化的动态试验研究》（2021YJ0388） |
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| 摘 要： | 成都市白垩系灌口组近地表红层富膏盐地层因富含膏盐、钙芒硝等易溶矿物普遍发育红层类岩溶现象，制约着地下空间的开发利用。为梳理出成都市域灌口组富膏盐红层溶蚀规律与机理，防范红层硫酸盐岩溶相关的工程地质问题，综合利用钻孔岩芯、物探、测井、物性测试、溶解实验等资料，分析区域内富膏盐地层的分布规律、富膏盐红层溶蚀特征、溶蚀发育的影响因素和红层硫酸盐岩溶机理。综合研究表明，成都市白垩系灌口组富膏盐红层溶蚀现象普遍发育于低丘台地区及平原河谷区。红层硫酸盐岩溶受地形、构造、地下水活动、断裂等多种因素的综合影响，地下水活动和断裂系统是最关键因素。存在两种不同的溶蚀模式:在高于平原区的低丘地区，地表水透过第四系松散卵砾石层，入渗至裂缝发育、岩体破碎的强-中风化以及富含膏盐的白垩系灌口地层，溶蚀钙芒硝、石膏、硬石膏等矿物后，地下水顺流至低洼的平原、河谷地带或汇入地表径流，促使溶蚀作用的持续发生；在低于平原区的较深部，地表径流沿向斜翼部侧向顺层流动或沿断裂系统入渗补给地下水，导致60 m以深的较深部发生溶蚀现象。
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| 关 键 词： | 岩溶 溶蚀机理 灌口组 富膏盐红层 源-汇系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-01 |
Dissolution characteristics and mechanism of gypsum-salt-rich-red beds in Cretaceous Guankou formation in Chengdu |
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| HAN Haodong,WANG Chunshan,WANG Donghui,LI Pengyue,LI Hu,YANG Tao.Dissolution characteristics and mechanism of gypsum-salt-rich-red beds in Cretaceous Guankou formation in Chengdu[J].Carsologica Sinica,2021,40(5):768-782. |
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| Authors: | HAN Haodong WANG Chunshan WANG Donghui LI Pengyue LI Hu YANG Tao |
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| Institution: | 1.Chengdu Center，China Geological Survey， Chengdu， Sichuan610081， China2.Sichuan Huadi Construction Engineering CO.，LTD.， Chengdu， Sichuan610081， China |
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| Abstract: | Because the red beds in Guankou formation of Cretaceous in Chengdu are rich in gypsum salt， glauberite and other soluble minerals， the red bed karst phenomenon develop extensively in near-surface layer. This phenomenon restricts the exploitation and utilization of underground space. Based on the data of drilling core， geophysical exploration， well logging， physical property test and dissolution experiment， the distribution law of gypsum-salt-rich strata，the dissolution characteristics of gypsum-salt-rich-red beds ， the influencing factors of dissolution development and karst mechanism of red beds are analyzed. The study shows that the dissolution of gypsum-salt-rich-red beds rich in gypsum salt in Guankou formation of Cretaceous in Chengdu generally develop in low hilly areas as well as plain and valley areas. The karst of red beds is comprehensively affected by many factors such as topography， structure， groundwater activity and faults， among which the groundwater activity and fault system are the most key factors. Besides， there are two different dissolution modes， first one， in the low hilly area higher than the plain area， surface water penetrates through the loose gravel layer of Quaternary， and then infiltrates into fissure-growing and weathered Guankou formation of Cretaceous with rich gypsum salt . After dissolving glauberite， gypsum， anhydrite and other minerals， groundwater flows downstream to the low-lying plain and river valley or converges into the surface runoff and finally promotes the dissolution. Second one， in the deeper part below the plain area， the surface runoff flows laterally along the syncline wing and the bedding or infiltrates along the fault system to recharge groundwater， which finally results in the dissolution phenomenon generating in the deeper part below 60 m. |
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