| 含矿区小流域生境质量评估方法——以宝兴河流域锅巴岩矿山为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 许小龙,杨星辰,魏瑞龙,程先琼,叶成名,王俪璇,眭天波.含矿区小流域生境质量评估方法——以宝兴河流域锅巴岩矿山为例[J].地质力学学报,2021,27(3):400-408. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许小龙 杨星辰 魏瑞龙 程先琼 叶成名 王俪璇 眭天波 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都理工大学地球勘探与信息技术教育部重点实验室, 四川 成都 610059;中国地质科学院地质力学研究所, 北京 100081;新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室, 北京 100081;自然资源部北京地壳应力应变野外科学观测研究站, 北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41774095，41972192）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20211376，DD20190367，DD20190396）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA23090203） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探究小流域背景下的地质工程活动对生境质量的影响评估方法，文章以宝兴河流域为例，利用遥感技术对流域内的重点工程锅巴岩矿山的土地利用变化情况进行了信息提取，并采用InVEST模型定量评估了生境质量。结果表明:锅巴岩矿山的土地利用类型主要由林地向裸地转变，林地面积占比减少15.11%，裸地的面积占比增加12.30%；锅巴岩矿山的生境质量指数从0.9234下降到0.8618，标准差从0.2389增加到0.3134，生境质量低等级面积占比增加4.84%，表明矿山区域整体的生境质量有所下降，但变化不明显；锅巴岩矿山的生境退化强的区域面积占比增加3.40%，生境退化指数由0.0113增加到0.0159，表明矿区生境有所退化但不明显。由此可见，含矿区小流域的生境质量虽受人类活动干扰，但如果采取合理开采方法，科学优化土地利用格局，有效地进行生态修复，对环境的影响可以控制在较低水平。
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| 关 键 词： | 生境质量 地质工程 InVEST模型 矿山修复 锅巴岩矿山 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/2/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/4/25 0:00:00 |
An assessment method of habitat quality in small watershed with mining area: A case study of Guobayan Mineral District in the Baoxing River Basin |
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| XU Xiaolong,YANG Xingchen,WEI Ruilong,CHENG Xianqiong,YE Chengming,WANG Lixuan,SUI Tianbo.An assessment method of habitat quality in small watershed with mining area: A case study of Guobayan Mineral District in the Baoxing River Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2021,27(3):400-408. |
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| Authors: | XU Xiaolong YANG Xingchen WEI Ruilong CHENG Xianqiong YE Chengming WANG Lixuan SUI Tianbo |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration and Information Techniques of Ministry of Education, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China2.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China3.Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard, Institute of Geomechanics, Beijing 100081, China4.Observation and Research Station of Crustal Stress and Strain in Beijing, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to explore the impact assessment method of geologic engineering activities on the habitat quality of small watershed. This paper utilized remote sensing technology to fetch the land-use change information of the Guobayan Mineral District, a key project in the Baoxing River Basin, and also quantitatively assess the habitat quality there by InVEST model. The assessment results show that from 2000 to 2020:In the Guobayan Mineral District, the land use types mainly changed from woodland to bare land, and the proportion of woodland area decreased by 15.11%, while that of bare land increased by 12.30%;The habitat quality index decreased from 0.9234 to 0.8618, the standard deviation increased from 0.2389 to 0.3134, and the proportion of low-grade area of habitat quality increased by 4.84%, suggesting an slight overall decrease. The proportion of areas with strong habitat degradation increased by 3.40%, and the habitat degradation index increased from 0.0113 to 0.0159, indicating a slight degradation. In conclusion, although the habitat quality of small watershed could be disturbed by human activities, the impact on the environment can be controlled at a very low level through appropriate mining methods, scientific optimization of land-use pattern and effective ecological restoration. |
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| Keywords: | habitat quality geologic engineering InVEST model mine restoration Guobayan Mineral District |
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