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Mathematical model for hydraulically aided electrokinetic remediation of aquifer and removal of nonanionic copper |
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| Authors: | Sadataka Shiba Yushi Hirata Tadachika Seno |
| Institution: | aDepartment of Chemical Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan bDepartment of Systems Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan |
| Abstract: | One of the most cost-effective in situ technologies for soil and groundwater (i.e., aquifer) remediation is electrokinetic remediation. In electrokinetic remediation, electromigration due to electric field is combined with hydromigration due to hydraulic flow by purge water to remove pollutants from aquifers through the pore water. This study aims at investigating theoretically the role of electromigration (as active movement) of pollutants and the role of hydromigration (as passive movement) of pollutants in electrokinetic remediation, and making it clear that the control variables for electrokinetic remediation are the applied voltage and the hydraulic flow rate. These aims are pursued by construction of a mathematical model based on physico-chemical considerations and by model simulations of the electrokinetic remediation applied to the virtual aquifer polluted by heavy metals of copper sulfate. According to numerical simulations with the model: (1) heavy metal (nonanionic copper) is removed from the upstream anode region and accumulated in the downstream cathode region; (2) to carry away the heavy metal outside the aquifer (global removal), hydromigration by purge water flow is essential; and (3) electromigration contributes mainly to the redistribution of heavy metals within the aquifer (local removal and local accumulation). |
| Keywords: | Applied voltage Control variable Electromigration Heavy metal Hydromigration Purge flow |
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