| 黄河源区潜在蒸散量估算方法适用性分析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李云凤,王文科,王国庆,刘翠善,郑昊昌,马稚桐.黄河源区潜在蒸散量估算方法适用性分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2021,48(3):10-19. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李云凤 王文科 王国庆 刘翠善 郑昊昌 马稚桐 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.长安大学水利与环境学院，陕西 西安 710054 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（U1603243；41230314） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 潜在蒸散量（Potential Evapotranspiration）是区域水量平衡研究的重要参数。为在资料短缺的情况下准确计算潜在蒸散量，并科学评价其简化算法的适用性。基于黄河源区11个气象站点1970—2018年气温、降水、相对湿度、风速、日照时数等逐日观测资料，以联合国粮农组织（FAO）推荐的Penman-Monteith（PM）法为参考，从年、月及空间尺度等方面分析了Priestly-Taylor（PT）法、Doorenbos-Pruitt（DP）法、Hargreaves-Samani（HS）法、Rohwer（RO）法、Thornthwaite（TH）法、Blaney-Criddle（BC）法6种简易算法的计算精度。结果表明在黄河源区HS法与PM法的平均偏差最低，仅为3.487 mm/mon，精度最高。但HS法未考虑平均相对湿度对于潜在蒸散量估算效果的影响，在气候湿润的黄河源区东南部红原县、河南县、若尔盖县、玛曲县及久治县存在精度不高的问题。因此引入平均相对湿度因子对HS法进行修正，并评价了改进后的HS法的应用效果。结果表明，引入平均相对湿度因子修正HS法后，黄河源区整体年潜在蒸散量的平均偏差由?22.008 mm/a降至6.174 mm/a；月潜在蒸散量的平均偏差由3.487 mm/mon降至1.031 mm/mon；空间尺度上，以上5县的平均偏差明显降低，平均降幅达5.33 mm/mon。表明改进后的HS法能够有效解决黄河源区东南部精度不高的问题，可以为黄河源区潜在蒸散量的简化计算提供参考。
|
| 关 键 词： | 潜在蒸散量 适用性 Hargreaves-Samani法修正 黄河源区 估算方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-25 |
The applicability of various potential evapotranspiration estimation methods in the headwater area of the Yellow River |
| |
| Institution: | 1.School of Water Conservancy and Environment, Chang’ an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China2.Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid regions, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China3.Nanjing Institute of Hydraulic Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Potential evapotranspiration is an essential parameter for regional water balance analysis. To realize the accurate calculation of potential evapotranspiration when data are lacking, scientific evaluation of the applicability of the simplified potential evapotranspiration algorithm in the headwater area of the Yellow River is carried out. Based on daily observation data of temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed, and sunshine hours from 11 meteorological stations in the headwater area of the Yellow River from 1970 to 2018, the calculation accuracy of six simplified methods for potential evapotranspiration calculation are analyzed by using the FAO Penman-Monteith (PM) method as a reference method from the aspects of the year, month and spatial scales, including the Priestly-Taylor (PT) method, Doorenbos-Pruitt (DP) method, Hargreaves-Samani (HS) method, Rohwer (RO) method, Thornthwaite (TH) method and Blaney-Criddle (BC) method. The results show that the mean deviation between the HS method and the PM method, only 3.487 mm/mon, is the lowest in the headwater area of the Yellow River and the accuracy is the highest. However, the HS method does not consider the influence of the average relative humidity on potential evapotranspiration estimation, resulting in low accuracy in the humid climate of Hongyuan County, Henan County, Ruoergai County, Maqu County and Jiuzhi County in the southeast of the headwater area of the Yellow River. Therefore, this article introduces the average relative humidity factor to modify the HS method and evaluates the application effect of the improved HS method. It is found that after the HS method is revised, the mean deviation of the overall annual potential evapotranspiration in the headwater area of the Yellow River decreases from ?22.008 mm/a to 6.174 mm/a, and the mean deviation of the monthly potential evapotranspiration decreases from 3.487 mm/mon to 1.031 mm/mon, respectively. On the spatial scale, the mean deviation of the above 5 counties decreases significantly, with an average drop of 5.33 mm/mon, indicating that the improved HS method can effectively solve the problem of low accuracy in the southeast of the headwater area of the Yellow River, and can provide a reference for the simplified calculation of potential evapotranspiration in the headwater area of the Yellow River. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《水文地质工程地质》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《水文地质工程地质》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
