| 平朔露天煤矿复垦区不同地质层组岩土质量综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔潇,周妍如,刘孝阳,白中科.平朔露天煤矿复垦区不同地质层组岩土质量综合评价[J].水文地质工程地质,2021,48(2):164-173. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔潇 周妍如 刘孝阳 白中科 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质大学（北京）土地科学技术学院，北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0206802);中国地质大学(北京)大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X201911415284)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 露天煤矿生态地质环境系统恢复过程中，排于地表的不同年代地质层组的岩土剥离物都有可能成为复垦土壤母质。为科学合理利用矿区岩土剥离物，重构高质量复垦土壤，并指导后期分类排放，以平朔露天矿区黄土母质作为对照，评价不同类型岩土理化性状差异，从复垦土壤母质来源进行造地的源头控制，为露天煤矿土地复垦与生态修复提供依据。结合单项养分含量及有益微量元素含量分析结果，借助修正的内梅罗综合指数法，评价各岩土层肥力质量；借助单因子质量指数法，评价各岩土层环境质量。结果表明:各岩土层综合肥力系数位于0.40～1.26范围内，属贫瘠或一般水平；安家岭矿中2个煤矸石层的有机质或全氮含量、上部页岩层的全钾含量，以及东露天矿中炭质泥岩层的全磷含量丰富，显著高于黄土母质层；东露天矿底部细砂岩层及安家岭矿中泥灰岩层硫含量过高；东露天矿镉元素环境质量指数为1.05，属轻微污染等级；安家岭矿底部细砂岩层pH值低至4.25，酸度过大。平朔露天矿大多岩土层环境质量较好，但综合肥力质量较差，其中单项养分含量丰富，环境质量安全且易于风化的岩土层，适宜作为重构复垦土壤的备选材料。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态地质环境 土地复垦 生态修复 土壤母质 黄土区 平朔露天煤矿 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-22 |
Comprehensive evaluation of rock and soil quality of different geological stratum groups in Pingshuo opencast coal mine reclamation area |
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| CUI Xiao,ZHOU Yanru,LIU Xiaoyang,BAI Zhongke.Comprehensive evaluation of rock and soil quality of different geological stratum groups in Pingshuo opencast coal mine reclamation area[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2021,48(2):164-173. |
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| Authors: | CUI Xiao ZHOU Yanru LIU Xiaoyang BAI Zhongke |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China2.Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China3.Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China4.Ecological Restoration Engineering Technology Innovation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to make scientific and rational use of waste rock and soil in mining areas,guide its classification and discard and reconstruct high quality reclaimed soil,the loess parent material in the Pingshuo opencast mining area is used as a control to analyze the differences in physical and chemical properties of different types of rock and soil layers,and the source control of land reclamation is conducted from the source of the reclaimed soil parent material.It may provide a basis for land reclamation and ecological restoration in opencast coal mines.Combining the analysis results of the single nutrient content and beneficial trace element content,with the help of the modified Nemero comprehensive index method,the fertility quality of each rock and soil layer is comprehensively evaluated.With the single factor quality index method,the environmental quality of each rock and soil layer is also evaluated.The comprehensive fertility coefficient of each rock and soil layer is in the range of 0.40 to 1.26,which is barren or general.The organic matter or total nitrogen content of the two gangue layers in the Anjialing Mine,the total potassium content of the upper shale layer in the Anjialing Mine,and the total phosphorus content of the carbonaceous mudstone layer in the East Opencast Mine are rich,which are significantly higher than those of the loess parent material layer.The fine sandstone layer at the bottom of the East Opencast Mine and the marl layer in the Anjialing Mine have excessively high sulfur content,and the former cadmium element environmental quality index is 1.05,which is a slight pollution level.The pH value of the fine sandstone layer at the bottom of the Anjialing Mine is as low as 4.25 and the acidity is too high.Most of the rock and soil layers in the Pingshuo opencast mine are of good environmental quality but poor comprehensive fertility quality.The rock and soil layers with safe environmental quality,which have rich individual nutrient contents and are easily weathered,can be used as the alternative material for rebuilding the reclaimed soil.It is conducive to improving the quality of the reclaimed soil and improving the productivity of reclaimed soil in a short time. |
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| Keywords: | eco-geological environment land reclamation ecological restoration soil parent material loess area Pingshuo opencast coal mine |
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