A conceptual framework of groundwater flow in some crystalline aquifers in Southeastern Ghana |
| |
| Authors: | Sandow Mark Yidana Samuel Ganyaglo Bruce Banoeng-Yakubo Thomas Akabzaa |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth Sciences, Box LG 58, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana;2. Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Kwabenya, Accra, Ghana;1. Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. Department of Wood Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj 3148635731, Iran;3. Department of Forestry Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj 3158777871, Iran;4. CAS Centre for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;5. Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Khyber PakhtunKhwa 24420, Pakistan;1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia;1. U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Islands Water Science Center, Inouye Regional Center, 1845 Wasp Blvd, Bldg. 176, Honolulu, HI 96818, United States;2. U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program, 345 Middlefield Road, MS 496, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States |
| |
| Abstract: | A conceptual groundwater flow model was developed for the crystalline aquifers in southeastern part of the Eastern region, Ghana. The objective was to determine approximate levels of groundwater recharge, estimate aquifer hydraulic parameters, and then test various scenarios of groundwater extraction under the current conditions of recharge. A steady state groundwater flow model has been calibrated against measured water levels of 19 wells in the area. The resulting recharge is estimated to range from 8.97 × 10?5 m/d to 7.14 × 10?4 m/d resulting in a basin wide average recharge of about 9.6% of total annual precipitation, which results in a basin wide quantitative recharge of about 2.4 million m3/d in the area. This compares to recharge estimated from the chloride mass balance of 7.6% of precipitation determined in this study. The general groundwater flow in the area has also been determined to conform to the general northeast–southwest structural grain of the country. The implication is that the general hydrogeology is controlled by post genetic structural entities imposed on the rocks to create ingresses for sufficient groundwater storage and transport. Calibrated aquifer hydraulic conductivities range between 0.99 m/d and over 19.4 m/d. There is a significant contribution of groundwater discharge to stream flow in the study area. Increasing groundwater extraction will have an effect on stream flow. This study finds that the current groundwater extraction levels represent only 0.17% of the annual recharge from precipitation, and that groundwater can sustain future increased groundwater demands from population growth and industrialization. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
