Geochemistry of groundwater,Markandeya River Basin,Belgaum district,Karnataka State,India |
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| Authors: | P Ravikumar R K Somashekar |
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| Institution: | (1) Environmental Geochemistry Group, National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), Hyderabad, 500 007, India |
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| Abstract: | The Markandeya River Basin stretches geographically from 15°56′ to 16°08′ N latitude and 74°37′ to 74°58′ E longitude, positioned
in the midst of Belgaum district, in the northern part of Karnataka. The groundwater quality of 54 pre-monsoon samples in
the Markandeya River Basin was evaluated for its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes by estimating pH, EC, TDS,
hardness and alkalinity besides major cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and anions (HCO3
−, Cl−, SO4
2−, PO4
3−, F−, NO3
−), boron, SAR, % Na, RSC, RSBC, chlorinity index, SSP, non-carbonate hardness, Potential Salinity, Permeability Index, Kelley’s
ratio, Magnesium hazard and Index of Base Exchange. Negative Index of Base Exchange indicates the chloro-alkaline disequilibrium
in the study area and the majority of water samples fall in the rock dominance field based on Gibbs’ ratio. Permeability indices
of classes I and II suggest suitability of groundwater for irrigation. Based on Cl, SO4, HCO3 concentrations, water samples can be classified as normal chloride (96.3%) and normal sulfate (94.4%) and normal bicarbonate
(44.4%) water types. |
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| Keywords: | Markandeya River Basin CAI-Chloroalkaline index PI-permeability index KI-kelley index PS- potential salinity |
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