| 四川含油气叠合盆地基本特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘树根,李智武,孙玮,邓宾,罗志立,王国芝,雍自权,黄文明.四川含油气叠合盆地基本特征[J].地质科学,2011,46(1):233-257. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘树根 李智武 孙玮 邓宾 罗志立 王国芝 雍自权 黄文明 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室 成都 610059 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目，国家自然科学基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着近年来四川盆地油气勘探的不断突破,重新审视其基本地质特征和油气成藏特点变得迫切而必要.四川盆地是典型的叠合盆地,显生宙以来经历了震旦纪一中三叠世伸展体制下的差异升降和被动大陆边缘(海相碳酸盐岩台地)、晚三叠世-始新世挤压体制下的摺皱冲断和复合前陆盆地(陆相碎屑岩盆地)、渐新世以来的褶皱隆升改造(构造盆地)3大演化阶...
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| 关 键 词： | 叠合盆地 演化 变革/转换 盆山结构 油气成藏 勘探策略 四川盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-10-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2010-11-11 |
Basic geological features of superimposed basin and hydrocarbon accumulation in Sichuan Basin,China |
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| Liu Shugen,Li Zhiwu,Sun Wei,Deng Bin,Luo Zhili,Wang Guozhi,Yong Ziquan,Huang Wenming.Basic geological features of superimposed basin and hydrocarbon accumulation in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2011,46(1):233-257. |
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| Authors: | Liu Shugen Li Zhiwu Sun Wei Deng Bin Luo Zhili Wang Guozhi Yong Ziquan Huang Wenming |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059 |
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| Abstract: | The recent breakthroughs in natural gas exploration in Sichuan Basin have been making it urgent and indispensable to reinvestigate its basic geological features and characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation.Being a typical superimposed basin，Sichuan Basin has experienced three major phases of basin evolution during the Phanerozoic time as follows：marine carbonate platform with differential subsidence uplift in extensional setting from Sinian to Middle Triassic，continental clastic basin with fold and thrust deformation under compressive background from Late Triassic to Eocene，and uplift and structural modification since Oligocene.Simultaneously，Sichuan Basin has also gone through three key periods of tectonic transformation.The first tectonic transformation in Late Triassic time is characterized by the changes of tectonic settings from extension to compression，basin property from passive continental margin to foreland basin，deposition from marine carbonate to marine clastic and to continental clastic.The second tectonic transformation in early Late Cretaceous is symbolized by the migration of foredeep，tectonic domain change from Qinling orogenic belt to Tibet Plateau，and the change from deposition to partial uplift and erosion.The last tectonic transformation in Eocene is represented by the changes from exorheic basin to endorheic basin，from sedimentary basin to topographic basin，and from deposition to overall uplift and erosion.Affected jointly by peripheral structural belts since Indosinian movement(the Qinling orogenic belt on the north side，Xuefeng intra continental tectonic system on the east and southeast sides，and Tibet Plateau on the west and southwest sides)，multi stage and multi direction structures were superimposed in Sichuan Basin.The present day basin orogen configuration in Sichuan Basin and adjacent regions exhibits clear trisection in topography，basement and surface structural features，and two types of basin orogen boundaries，i.e.break and gradual.According to the type of basin orogen boundary，developing history and controlling factors，the Sichuan Basin can be divided into five basin orogen structure units：Unit Ⅰ North Sichuan break basin orogen structure area(controlled by Qinling tectonic domain)，Unit Ⅱ West Sichuan break basin orogen structure area(controlled by Tibet tectonic domain)，Unit Ⅲ East Sichuan gradual basin orogen structure area(controlled by Xuefeng tectonic domain)，Unit Ⅳ Southwest Sichuan gradual basin orogen structure area(controlled jointly by Tibet，Xuefeng and basement tectonic domains)and Unit V Central Sichuan autochthonous uplift basin area(controlled by basement tectonic domain).Sichuan Basin is one of major oil gas bearing basins in western China，with great natural gas exploration potential owing to abundant hydrocarbon supply and excellent preservation condition.Firstly，five sets of major source rocks developed during the multi stage basin evolution，with a total thickness of up to 1500～2m，and high organic carbon content，hydrocarbon generation capacity and gas productivity.Secondly，the Lower Triassic gypsum salt rocks played an important role in sealing marine oil and gas，while the binary texture and gentle erosion in thrust belt and adjacent foreland basin greatly enhanced the preservation condition in break basin orogen structure areas.Further，uplift activities since the Late Cretaceous might cause not only the adjustment or destruction of ancient gas pools(gas storage center)，but also the formation of present gas reservoirs(gas preservation centre)，and fluid cross formation migration and explosive gas accumulation as well.The multi phased evolution of superimposed basin，composite association of multi stage and multi direction structures，the heterogeneity of reservoirs and the mobility of natural gas decided the complexity，time consuming and tortuosity of oil gas exploration in Sichuan Basin.Thus，just a single exploration thinking，approach and hydrocarbon accumulation theory could not be employed to instruct oil gas exploration； that is，exploration strategies should also be diverse. |
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| Keywords: | Superimposed basin Evolution Transformation Basin orogen structure Hydrocarbon accumulation Exploration strategy Sichuan Basin |
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