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Geoarchaeological evidence on a Late Bronze Age earthquake,Ohrid Basin (North Macedonia) |
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| Authors: | J Ho?ek M Ver?ík P Pokorný J Bene? V Komárková T Radomě?ský N Atanasoska V Todoroska P Ardjanliev |
| Institution: | 1. Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic;2. Institute for Classical Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic;3. Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and the Academy of Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic;4. Laboratory of Archaeobotany and Palaeoecology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;5. Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic
Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic;6. Laboratory of Archaeobotany and Palaeoecology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of South Bohemia, ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;7. National Archaeological Museum of North Macedonia, Skopje, North Macedonia |
| Abstract: | Geoarchaeological investigations on the northeastern shore of Lake Ohrid revealed 3.5 m thick deepwater lacustrine sediments overlying terrestrial vegetation macrofossils, worked wood and abundant potsherds dated to the Late Bronze Age (LBA). Distinct contact of deepwater sediment with the sub-aerial weathered limestone bedrock point to a sudden increase in lake level. According to radiocarbon data, catastrophic flooding occurred shortly after 1214 yr bc. Because the area is located in a highly active seismic zone, we propose that this event was caused by tectonically induced, metre-scale coseismic subsidence related to faults bordering the Ohrid alluvial plain. Moreover, this event coincides well with a dramatic switch in the habitation and settlement strategy in the region. More important, however, is the finding that the age of the proposed massive tectonic event and change in habitation lies within the interval of the proposed ‘earthquake storm’ in the eastern Mediterranean dated to 1225–1175 bc. As the Ohrid-Korça zone belongs to the same tectonic province, a relationship between the abovementioned earthquakes and the proposed event can be expected. This research therefore might provide the first direct evidence of a large-scale earthquake event linkable to the LBA collapse of Europe's first urban civilisation in the Aegean. |
| Keywords: | earthquake lake sediment Late Bronze Age Collapse Ohrid Lake Transitional period |