Upwellings in Lake Baikal |
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| Authors: | Shimaraev M N Troitskaya E S Blinov V V Ivanov V G Gnatovskii R Yu |
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| Institution: | 1.Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
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| Abstract: | Based on shipboard and satellite observations, the characteristics of upwelling in Lake Baikal in the period of direct temperature
stratification have been determined for the first time. Coastal upwellings appear annually under the effect of run-down and
alongshore winds and are traced along the coast to a distance of up to 60–100 km and up to 250 km in North Baikal. Analogous
to the way it occurs in seas, water rises from the depths of 100–200 m (350 m as a maximum) at the velocity of 0.1 × 10−2−6.5 × 10−2 cm/s. Divergence in the field of intràbasin cyclonic macrovortices produces upwelling in the Baikal pelagic zone and downwelling
in the vicinity of shores; this lasts from 7 to 88 days and covers the depth interval of 80–300 m in August and up to 400–800
m in early-mid November. The area of upwellings occupies up to 20–60% of the separate basins of the lake. Vertical circulation
of water in the field of pelagic upwellings leads to intensification of coastal currents and to formation of the thermobar
with a heat inert zone in the central part of the lake in November, and this thermobar is not observed in other lakes, at
that. |
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