The geological history and geodynamics of the Earth |
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| Authors: | A M Nikishin |
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| Institution: | 1.Faculty of Geology,Moscow State University,Moscow,Russia |
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| Abstract: | The Earth formed through a hot accretion process. Almost simultaneously, the core and the mantle were separated from each
other. At the final stages of the accretion process, the outer layer approximately 2000 km thick was molten, thus representing
a magma ocean. This magma ocean produced the primary crust of the Earth. Surface waters were precipitated from the atmosphere
and released from the crystallizing magma ocean. The plate tectonic processes started at around 4.3 to 4 Ga BP. In the Archean,
the overall tectonic mechanism was quite specific, due to substantially higher mantle temperature and thicker oceanic crust.
The normal plate tectonics acted during the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic with the periodic assembly of continents, which are
known as supercontinent cycles. |
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