In-situ LA-ICP-MS trace elemental analyses of magnetite: The Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit,North China |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;2. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;3. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi''an 710069, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;3. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China;3. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;4. Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China |
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| Abstract: | The Bayan Obo Fe-REE-Nb deposit in northern China is the world's largest light REE deposit, and also contains considerable amounts of iron and niobium metals. Although there are numerous studies on the REE mineralization, the origin of the Fe mineralization is not well known. Laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS is used to obtain trace elements of Fe oxides in order to better understand the process involved in the formation of magnetite and hematite associated with the formation of the giant REE deposit. There are banded, disseminated and massive Fe ores with variable amounts of magnetite and hematite at Bayan Obo. Magnetite and hematite from the same ores show similar REE patterns and have similar Mg, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga, Sn, and Ba contents, indicating a similar origin. Magnetite grains from the banded ores have Al + Mn and Ti + V contents similar to those of banded iron formations (BIF), whereas those from the disseminated and massive ores have Al + Mn and Ti + V contents similar to those of skarn deposits and other types of magmatic-hydrothermal deposits. Magnetite grains from the banded ores with a major gangue mineral of barite have the highest REE contents and show slight moderate REE enrichment, whereas those from other types of ores show light REE enrichment, indicating two stages of REE mineralization associated with Fe mineralization. The Bayan Obo deposit had multiple sources for Fe and REEs. It is likely that sedimentary carbonates provided original REEs and were metasomatized by REE-rich hydrothermal fluids to form the giant REE deposit. |
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