REPORT OF THE WORK OF THE GEOGRAPHIC-EXPLORATION PARTY OF THE KOLA EXPEDITION OF 1930 |
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| Abstract: | The Niva River valley extending from Lake Imandra to the Kandalaksha Gulf on the Kola peninsula has a complex geologic and geomorphic history of Tertiary to Recent faulting, uplift, glaciation, and marine deposition and erosion. The area's crystalline basement of biotite and hornblende gneisses was folded and faulted but only the faulting is reflected in the existing alignment of streams and lakes. Quaternary alluvium, as thick as 80 meters, was deposited in association with two principal southeast-moving glaciers. Several terraces resulted from intermittent lowering of glacial lakes as lower outlets were developed or as the rate of downcutting varied. in response to lithologic variations of stream channels. Continuing uplift of the Kola peninsula is an additional complex factor in the geomorphologic development of the area. — M. Russell |
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