| 内蒙古伊盟地区现代碱湖地质特征和形成条件分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨清堂.内蒙古伊盟地区现代碱湖地质特征和形成条件分析[J].化工矿产地质,1996,18(1):31-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨清堂 |
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| 摘 要： | 内蒙古伊克昭盟地区分布着众多小型现代盐湖。湖内沉积有天然碱、芒硝和石盐等化工矿产。各碱湖地层构成碎屑-粘土-蒸发岩沉积旋回,沉积厚度在10m 左右,基岩为白垩纪砂岩。结晶碱层以块状、厚层状为主,其分布受湖盆形态控制,一般埋深0.1～0.4m。伊克昭盟地区碱湖的形成是构造活动的结果。经长期风化剥蚀,地表和地下水向古河道和风蚀洼地聚集了基岩或剥蚀区地层的有关组分,并携带到湖盆中,使湖水转变为成水、卤水,后来由于气候骤然变冷,湖水中 Na_2CO_3或 Na_2SO_4过饱和而分别结晶为Na_2CO_3·10H_2O 或 Na_2SO_4·10H_2O,从而形成碱湖沉积。
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| 关 键 词： | 现代碱湖 物质来源 天然碱 芒硝 内蒙古 伊克昭盟 |
MODERN SALT LAKES IN YIKEZHAO LEAGUE,INNER MONGOLIA:GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TRONA-FORMING CONDITIONS |
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| Abstract: | In Yikezhao League,Inner Mongolia,there lie a number of modern salt lakes, many of which are accumulated with such trona,mirabilite,halite and the like probably used for chemical industry.Overlying Cretaceous sandstone base,the lake accumulation consists of nothing but cycles of clastic rock to claystone to evaporite, with a total thickness of 10 m.The crystallized salt layers occur as massive and thick-beded,the spatial distribution controlled by the geographic layout of the tectonic-activated lakes.As for trona-forming conditions,what should be stressed is prolonged epidenudation which caused surface and ground waters to immigrate into old channels and blowouts,conveniently not only dissolving the soluble salts form the denuded rocks but carrying them into the lakes.Later,weather having turned cold suddenly,the lake water became oversaturated with Na_2CO_3 and Na_2SO_4to eventually precipitate down Na_2CO_3·10H_2O and Na_2SO_4·10H_2O.In this case,a general salt lake converted into a trona lake. |
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| Keywords: | modern salt lakes source of materials trona mirabilite Inner Mongolia Yikezhao League |
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