Problems of PGE metallogenesis related to mafic-ultramafic complexes in North Xinjiang, China |
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| Authors: | Yuwang Wang Jingbin Wang Lijuan Wang Lingli Long Zhen Liao Huiqiong Zhang and Pingzhi Tang |
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| Institution: | Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100012, China; Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100012, China; Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100030, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100012, China; Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100031, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100012, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100013, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100014, China;Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, Beijing 100015, China |
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| Abstract: | Platinum group element (PGE) mineralization is mostly related to maficeultramafic
complexes of the dominant magmatic deposit type. Mineralization of this type mainly relies on two
conditions: the abundance of PGE in magma, and the presence of mechanisms favorable to PGE enrichment
and separation from sulfur-saturated magma during magmatic evolution. Maficeultramafic
complexes are widely developed in North Xinjiang, including (1) the large-scale copper-nickel deposits
of Kelatongke, Huangshan, Huangshan East, and Tulargen, (2) numerous small to medium-sized coppernickel
deposits such as Xiangshan, Tudun, Hulu, Baishiquan, and (3) the Xiangshan West and Weiya
medium-sized VeTi magnetite deposits. However, maficeultramafic complexes in North Xinjiang rarely
form PGE deposits. Therefore, questions about PGE metallogenesis in North Xinjiang are discussed in
this paper from the standpoint of the ore-forming mechanism of PGE deposits and the characteristics
of the North Xinjiang magma sources. The rock types of the post-collisional maficeultramafic complexes
in North Xinjiang are of a ferrous rock series formed by fractional crystallization, a rock type generally
favorable for hosting PGE. For the Cu-Ni sulfide deposits of North Xingjiang, the assimilation of crustal
material causes sulfide liquation during processes of magmatic evolution and mineralization. This can be shown petrogeochemically, including the characteristics of Sr, Nd, Pb, O, Os, and S isotopes, which indicate
a magmatic ore-forming mechanism for the Xingjiang PGE deposits. The principal reason for weak
PGE mineralization in North Xinjiang may be ascribed to a widely-developed depleted mantle source
(with positive 3Nd values) that underlies it. The North Xinjiang lithosphere is not of typical Precambrian
cratonal type, but has more affinities with modified oceanic lithosphere or immature continental lithosphere
that would constitute PGE-poor original magma sources unfavorable to PGE mineralization. |
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| Keywords: | Maficeultramafic complex PGE mineralization Nd isotope Ore-forming mechanisms North Xinjiang |
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