http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000235 |
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| Authors: | Franco Pirajno Reimar Seltmann and Yongqiang Yang |
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| Institution: | CERCAMS (Centre for Russian and Central EurAsian Mineral Studies), Dept. Mineralogy, Natural History Museum,Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
/Geological Survey of Western Australia, 100 Plain Street, East Perth WA 6004, Australia;CERCAMS (Centre for Russian and Central EurAsian Mineral Studies), Dept. Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Road,
Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In this paper we present a review of mineral systems in northern Xinjiang, NW China, focussing
on the Tianshan, West and East Junggar and Altay orogenic belts, all of which are part of the greater
Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The CAOB is a complex collage of ancient microcontinents, island
arcs, oceanic plateaux and oceanic plates, which were amalgamated and accreted in Early Palaeozoic to
Early Permian times. The establishment of the CAOB collage was followed by strike-slip movements and
affected by intraplate magmatism, linked to mantle plume activity, best exemplified by the 250 Ma Siberian
Traps and the 280 Ma Tarim event. In northern Xinjiang, there are numerous and economically important
mineral systems. In this contribution we describe a selection of representative mineral deposits,
including subduction-related porphyry and epithermal deposits, volcanogenic massive sulphides and
skarn systems. Shear zone-hosted Au lodes may have first formed as intrusion-related and subsequently
re-worked during strike-slip deformation. Intraplate magmatism led to the emplacement of concentrically
zoned (Alaskan-style) maficeultramafic intrusions, many of which host orthomagmatic sulphide deposits.
A huge belt of pegmatites in the Altay orogen, locally hosts world-class rare metal deposits. Roll-front,sandstone-hosted U mineralisation completes the rich mineral endowment of the northern Xinjiang terranes. |
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| Keywords: | Mineral system Porphyry and epithermal deposits Volcanogenic massive sulphides and skarn systems Northern Xinjiang of NW China |
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