http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111001290 |
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| Authors: | Shang Wang Raymond M Dong Christina Z Dong Liuqin Huang Hongchen Jiang Yuli Wei Liang Feng Deng Liu Guifang Yang Chuanlun Zhang and Hailiang Dong |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;Badin High School, 571 New London Road, Hamilton, OH 45013, USA;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA |
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| Abstract: | The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) of the Yangtze River, China, is one of the largest irrigation
and hydroelectric engineering projects in the world. The effects of huge man-made projects like TGD on
fauna and macrophyte are obvious, mainly through changes of water dynamics and flow pattern; however,
it is less clear how microorganisms respond to such changes. This research was aimed to examine differences
in microbial diversity at different seasons and locations (in front of and behind the TGD). In addition,
differences between particle-attached and free-living communities were also examined. The
community structures of total and potentially active microorganisms in the water columns behind and in front of the TGD were analyzed with the DNA- and RNA-based 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic
approaches over three different seasons. Clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes were prepared after amplification
from extracted DNA and, for some samples, after preparing cDNA from extracted rRNA. Differences
were observed between sites at different seasons and between free-living and particle-attached
communities. Both bacterial and archaeal communities were more diverse in summer than in winter,
due to higher nutrient levels and warmer temperature in summer than in winter. Particle-attached microorganisms
were more diverse than free-living communities, possibly because of higher nutrient levels and
heterogeneous geochemical micro-environments in particles. Spatial variations in bacterial community
structure were observed, i.e., the water reservoir behind the TGD (upstream) hosted more diverse bacterial
populations than in front of the dam (downstream), because of diverse sources of sediments and
waters from upstream to the reservoir. These results have important implications for our understanding
of responses of microbial communities to environmental changes in river ecosystems affected by dam
construction. |
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| Keywords: | Archaea Bacteria Free-living Particle-attached Three Gorges Dam |
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