| 青海湖北岸天然草地小尺度地表径流与降水关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱宝文,陈晓光,郑有飞,李英年.青海湖北岸天然草地小尺度地表径流与降水关系[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(6):1074-1079. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱宝文 陈晓光 郑有飞 李英年 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局气候变化专项项目，国家科技支撑计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用青海湖北岸海北牧业气象试验站2006-2008年3 a观测的天然草地地表径流、土壤水分及大气降水资料, 分析了该地区降水特性、 土壤水分与地表径流的关系. 结果表明: 青海湖北岸年平均径流系数为0.16%, 地表径流主要发生在夏秋季, 径流系数夏季＞秋季＞春季, 冬季不产生径流;地表径流造成的水土流失主要集中在盛夏的7-8月, 年水土流失量主要由大降水造成. 地表径流量与降水量呈线性正相关关系, 径流量与30 min最大雨强表现为指数函数关系, 径流量与降水量和30 min最大雨强的乘积也呈线性正相关关系. 径流量的大小更多地受降水量和降水强度的共同影响, 地表径流与降水前0～20 cm的土壤水分呈明显正相关关系.
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| 关 键 词： | 地表径流 降水量 降水强度 青海湖北岸 |
Correlation Analysis between Small-Scale Surface Runoff and Precipitation of the Grassland near the North Shore of Qinghai Lake |
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| ZHU Bao-wen,CHEN Xiao-guang,ZHENG You-fei,LI Ying-nian.Correlation Analysis between Small-Scale Surface Runoff and Precipitation of the Grassland near the North Shore of Qinghai Lake[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2009,31(6):1074-1079. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Bao-wen CHEN Xiao-guang ZHENG You-fei LI Ying-nian |
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| Abstract: | Based on the data of surface runoff, soil moisture and precipitation on grasslands from 2006 to 2008, the relationship among precipitation, soil moisture and runoff was studied, and the result shows that the runoff coefficient on the north shore of Qinghai lake is 0.16%, the surface runoff mainly takes place in summer, the runoff coefficient in summer is larger than that in fall, the runoff coefficient in fall is larger than that in spring, and there is no runoff event in winter. Soil and water loss caused by runoff mainly occurs in July and August, and several storms cause yearly the water and soil loss. The relationship between runoff and precipitation is positive linear correlation, the relationship between runoff and the 30-minute maximum precipitation is positive exponential correlation, and the relationship between runoff and the product of precipitation and the 30-minute maximum precipitation is positive linear correlation. The runoff could be fitted by the equation of y = 0.0265 +0.0004 x _3, which is affected by precipitation and rain intensity, and the relationship between runoff and the soil moisture at the depth of 0～20 cm before a precipitation has a significant positive linear correlation. |
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| Keywords: | surface runoff precipitation rainfall intensity north shore of Qinghai Lake |
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