| 黑河干流上中游径流变化及其原因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 程建忠,陆志翔,邹松兵,程雯嘉.黑河干流上中游径流变化及其原因分析[J].冰川冻土,2017,39(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 程建忠 陆志翔 邹松兵 程雯嘉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃省张掖水文水资源勘测局,甘肃张掖,734000;2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据黑河干流出山径流控制站莺落峡、中游的高崖和正义峡等水文站的径流和区域内的气象资料,以及中游的地下水位资料,对黑河上中游来水的年际变化和年内分配,径流沿程变化规律及其影响因素进行分析研究。结果表明:(1)黑河干流出山径流自1945年以来整体上呈小幅增加趋势,其年内最大径流月份在进入21世纪后,由7月份推后至8月份,主要受降水的影响;(2)高崖和正义峡断面的水量自1977年以来呈微弱增加趋势,前者增幅略大于后者;由于中游社会经济发展引起用水增加,莺落峡至高崖区间的耗水量以每年近850× 10~4m~3的增量变化,而高崖至正义峡区间灌溉回归水和地下水补给河道的水量与区间灌溉引水和其他耗水量基本持平;(3)地下水的超量开采一定程度上减缓了黑河干流统一调度的压力,但不利于流域水资源的可持续利用。该研究成果对于今后黑河水资源科学配置、合理调度具有一定的参考和指导作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 黑河 径流变化 耗水 地下水 可持续利用 |
Variation of the runoff in the upper and middle reaches of the main Heihe River and its causes |
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| CHENG Jianzhong,LU Zhixiang,ZOU Songbing,CHENG Wenjia.Variation of the runoff in the upper and middle reaches of the main Heihe River and its causes[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2017,39(1). |
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| Authors: | CHENG Jianzhong LU Zhixiang ZOU Songbing CHENG Wenjia |
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| Abstract: | The interannual variability,annual distribution and variation of the runoff in the upper and middle reaches of the main Heihe River and their reasons are analyzed based on the measured hydrological and meteorological data,together with the groundwater level data in in the midstream.The results show that the runoff in the upper reaches of the fiver has slightly increased since 1945 as a whole,and the month with the maximum runoff has shifted from July to August since the beginning of the 21 st century,which was mainly controlled by the precipitation.The runoffs at Gaoya and Zhengyixia Stations have increased slightly since 1977 with the rates of 1.7 million m3 and 10.2 million m3 per year,respectively.The water consumption in the section from Yingluoxia to Gaoya have increased at the rate of 8.5 million m3 per year due to the social and economic development;the amount of the irrigation return water and groundwater recharging to the river have been almost the same as the irrigation water diversion and other water consumption in the section from Gaoya to Zhengyixia.Excessive exploitation of groundwater have slowed down water consumption pressure in Heihe River basin to a certain extent,but it was bad to the sustainable utilization of water resources.This results will be helpful for scientific allocation and reasonable regulation of water resources in the Heihe River basin. |
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| Keywords: | Heihe River runoff variation water consumption groundwater sustainable utilization |
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