| 青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖溃堤成因及其影响分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘宝康,李林,杜玉娥,梁天刚,段水强,侯扶江,任继周.青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖溃堤成因及其影响分析[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(2):305-311. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘宝康 李林 杜玉娥 梁天刚 段水强 侯扶江 任继周 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 兰州大学 草地农业科技学院, 甘肃 兰州 730020;2. 青海省气象科学研究所, 青海 西宁 810001;3. 甘肃省科学院 自然能源研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730020;4. 青海省水文水资源勘测局, 青海 西宁 810001 |
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| 基金项目： | 长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13019)；国家农业部科技项目(201203006)；国家自然科学基金项目(41261004) |
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| 摘 要： | 受青藏高原暖湿化趋势的影响，近年来高原湖泊水位普遍上涨，湖泊溃堤时有发生.利用青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖、库赛湖、海丁诺尔湖和盐湖所在区域的TM（ETM+）等历史文献数据和环境减灾卫星（HJ1A/B） CCD数据，结合五道梁气象站气温、降水资料，分析了卓乃湖周边湖泊面积变化情况.结果表明：1961-2014年近54 a来，可可西里地区持续增加的降水是卓乃湖溃堤的基础，2011年8月22日之前的两次强降水过程和之后的持续降水是导致卓乃湖湖水大量外泄，并最终溃堤的主要原因；溃堤前的两次地震可能对卓乃湖的湖盆结构产生了一定的影响，从而加速了溃堤过程.溃堤导致湖岸线退缩，并产生大片的沙化土地，恶化了藏羚羊的产仔环境，对周边草地生态环境和重大工程设施产生了不利影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 可可西里 卓乃湖 溃堤成因 影响 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-08-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-02-22 |
Causes of the outburst of Zonag Lake in Hoh Xil,Tibetan Plateau,and its impact on surrounding environment |
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| LIU Baokang,LI Lin,DU Yue,LIANG Tiangang,DUAN Shuiqiang,HOU Fujiang,REN Jizhou.Causes of the outburst of Zonag Lake in Hoh Xil,Tibetan Plateau,and its impact on surrounding environment[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(2):305-311. |
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| Authors: | LIU Baokang LI Lin DU Yue LIANG Tiangang DUAN Shuiqiang HOU Fujiang REN Jizhou |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;2. Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Xining 810001, China;3. Natural Energy Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;4. Hydrology and Water Resource Bureau of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent years,there is a warm and wet tendency over the Tibetan Plateau,as a result,the lake lev-els extensively rise up and dike burst happens occasionally. In this study,the TM(ETM+)history document da-ta and environmental mitigation satellite(HJ-1A/B)CCD data in the Zonag Lakes(including Kusai Lake,He-din Noel Lake and Yanhu Lake),combined with the air temperature,precipitation data from Wudaoliang Meteo-rological Station,were used to analyze the variation of lake surface area. The results showed that from 1961 to 2012,precipitation had increased in Hoh Xil,which was the basis of the Zonag Lake outburst. Two strong pre-cipitation processes occurred before August 22,2011 and then followed by a continuous precipitation,which led to a substantial leakage of the lakes,and finally led to outburst. There were two earthquake events before the dike burst,which may have a certain influence on the basin structure of the lakes,accelerating the dike burst pro-cess. Outburst of the lake led to shoreline retreat and land desertification,which deteriorated the Tibetan ante-lope farrowing environment and resulted in adverse impact on the surrounding grassland ecology environ-ment and major engineering projects. |
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| Keywords: | Hoh Xil Zonag Lake outburst cause impact |
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