| 青藏高原多年冻土区地表能量收支过程及其对活动层影响的初步分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘金科,姚济敏,谷良雷,李韧,吴晓东,吴通华,谢昌卫,邹德富,乔永平,胡国杰,肖瑶,史健宗.青藏高原多年冻土区地表能量收支过程及其对活动层影响的初步分析[J].冰川冻土,2022,44(6):1773-1783. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘金科 姚济敏 谷良雷 李韧 吴晓东 吴通华 谢昌卫 邹德富 乔永平 胡国杰 肖瑶 史健宗 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 藏北高原冰冻圈特殊环境与灾害国家野外科学观测研究站，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049;3.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2022430);国家自然科学基金(42071094) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于2005—2016年青藏高原多年冻土区唐古拉和西大滩站的气象、涡动通量以及活动层资料，利用涡动相关法、气象梯度法和SHAW模型等方法探究了气候变化背景下高原多年冻土区地表能量通量变化规律及其对活动层的影响。结果表明：2005—2016年唐古拉和西大滩气温、地气温差有所升高，年降水量、10 cm土壤含水量及风速有所下降。2005年以来唐古拉和西大滩净辐射（Rn ）与感热（H）呈增加趋势，潜热（LE）呈减小趋势，地表土壤热通量（G）变化较小。唐古拉和西大滩地表能量通量季节变化明显，但受海拔、纬度、坡向、土壤冻融过程、降水、下垫面状况等因素的影响，地表能量通量存在区域差异。研究时段内，唐古拉和西大滩地表冻结指数与土壤热通量呈负相关；融化指数、活动层厚度与土壤热通量呈正相关，融化期间土壤热通量积累量与融化深度的变化呈线性增加关系。
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| 关 键 词： | 年际变化 气象要素 地表能量收支 地表冻融指数 活动层厚度 青藏高原 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-06-26 |
The surface energy budget process and preliminary analysis of its impact on the active layer in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
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| Jinke LIU,Jimin YAO,Lianglei GU,Ren LI,Xiaodong WU,Tonghua WU,Changwei XIE,Defu ZOU,Yongping QIAO,Guojie HU,Yao XIAO,Jianzong SHI.The surface energy budget process and preliminary analysis of its impact on the active layer in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2022,44(6):1773-1783. |
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| Authors: | Jinke LIU Jimin YAO Lianglei GU Ren LI Xiaodong WU Tonghua WU Changwei XIE Defu ZOU Yongping QIAO Guojie HU Yao XIAO Jianzong SHI |
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| Institution: | 1.Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau，State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China;3.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the data observed from the meteorology gradient tower， eddy covariance system and the active layer from 2005 to 2016 at the Tanggula （TGL） and Xidatan （XDT） sites in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， the long-term variations of surface energy fluxes and its impact on the active layer under the background of climate change were analyzed by using the eddy covariance method， the gradient method and the Simultaneous Heat and Water （SHAW） model. The results were as follows： From 2005 to 2016， the air temperature and the air-ground temperature difference increased， while the annual precipitation， the 10 cm soil moisture and the wind speed decreased at the Tanggula and Xidatan sites. The net radiation and sensible heat flux showed an increasing trend， while the latent heat flux showed a decreasing trend， the surface soil heat flux had no obvious change. The seasonal variations of surface energy fluxes were obvious in Tanggula and Xidatan， but there are regional differences in energy fluxes due to the influence of altitude， latitude， aspect， surface freezing-thawing process， precipitation and underlying surface conditions. In Tanggula and Xidatan， the surface freezing indices were negatively correlated with soil heat flux， while the thawing indices and the active layer thickness were positively correlated with soil heat flux. The surface soil heat flux accumulation was linearly increasing with the thawing depth. |
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| Keywords: | interannual variation meteorological elements surface energy budget surface freezing/thawing index the active layer thickness Qinghai-Tibet Plateau |
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