| 干旱气候因子与森林火灾 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐明超,马文婷.干旱气候因子与森林火灾[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(3):603-608. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐明超 马文婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 甘肃省公安消防总队, 甘肃 兰州 730070;2. 兰州资源环境职业技术学院, 甘肃 兰州 730021 |
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| 基金项目： | 全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 森林火灾作为一种自然灾害, 气候变化直接或间接影响森林燃烧的火环境, 进而对火发生和火行为产生影响. 干旱气候条件与森林火灾的发生有密切的关系, 气象条件通过气温、 日照、 蒸发量、 风力、 空气湿度等影响着森林火灾的发生和发展. 一般情况下, 气温高、 降水少、 湿度小、 风力大易发生森林火灾. 在山区, 山谷风和地形影响森林火灾蔓延, 森林火灾的蔓延主要受山谷风所控制, 具有间歇性, 另外地形的变化在很大程度上制约着火势的蔓延. 所以, 要利用不同时段的气象条件、 山风出现的时间及有利地形, 及时组织灭火和控制火势蔓延. 森林火灾的发生有各种类型, 通过对森林火灾中一些特殊火行为及相关元素对火灾发展蔓延影响分析, 找出森林火灾扑救与逃生的方法及注意事项.
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱 气象因子 森林火灾 预防火灾 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-11-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011-03-06 |
Relationship between Arid Climatic Factors and Forest Fires |
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| XU Ming-chao,MA Wen-ting.Relationship between Arid Climatic Factors and Forest Fires[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2012,34(3):603-608. |
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| Authors: | XU Ming-chao MA Wen-ting |
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| Institution: | 1. Gansu Province Public Security Fire Department, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China;2. Lanzhou Resources and Environment Voc-Techl College , Lanzhou Gansu 730021, China |
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| Abstract: | Forest fires as a natural disaster,climate changes can directly or indirectly be affected on the forest burning in the fire environment,and thus affecting on fire occurrence and fire behavior.Arid climatic conditions such as temperature,sunlight,evaporation,wind,air humidity,and other weather conditions are closely related to occurrences of forest fires and development.In general,high temperature,drought,less humidity,large winds can easily trigger to forest fires.In the mountains,the valley wind and topographic effects on forest fire spread,the spread of forest fires mainly affected by the valley wind control,with the intermittent addition,the terrain changes to a large extent restricts the spread of fire.Thus,to take advantage of the different periods of weather conditions,mountain wind time and favorable terrain,timely organization of fire fighting and control the spread of fire.There are various types of forest fires,forest fires in some special fire behavior and related elements of the spread of fire development impact are analysis,to find out the forest fire fighting and escape methods and precautions. |
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| Keywords: | drought meteorological factors forest fires fire prevention |
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