|
|||||
|
|
| 新疆大～暴雪气候特征及其水汽分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 杨莲梅,杨涛,贾丽红,常涛.新疆大～暴雪气候特征及其水汽分析[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(3):389-396. |
| 作者姓名： | 杨莲梅 杨涛 贾丽红 常涛 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局,乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830002;中国科学院,大气物理研究所,北京,100080 2. 新疆专业气象台,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830002 3. 新疆环境气象中心,新疆,乌鲁木齐,830002 |
| 基金项目： | 科技部社会公益研究项目 , 科技部专项基金 |
| 摘 要： | 应用新疆北部和天山山区50个气象站1961 -2002年11月1日至翌年4月15日经过整编的逐日降水量资料, 通过统计和诊断分析, 揭示了新疆牧区大～暴雪过程的时、空分布特征和年际变化, 初步分析了2000 -2001年冬季特大雪灾的成因, 并选取典型个例分析了新疆暴雪的水汽来源和特征. 结果表明:1)有4个大～暴雪过程高频区, 即阿勒泰地区、塔城盆地、伊犁河谷、乌苏到木垒的天山北坡一带及天山中部的中山带; 前3个区域大～暴雪过程前冬达50%以上, 其次为春季和隆冬; 天山北坡前冬和春季相当, 约为43%左右;2)阿勒泰地区、伊犁河谷和天山北坡大～暴雪过程呈显著的线性增多趋势, 增长率分别为0.3次.(10a)-1、0.7次.(10a) -1和0.5次 5(10a)-1; 3)大～暴雪过程异常偏少和偏少年在20世纪80年代以前, 异常偏多和偏多年在20世纪80年代以后, 主要在90年代以后; 4)由于环流持续3个月的异常, 冷空气活动频繁, 多次降雪过程导致2000 -2001年冬季特大雪灾. 冬季降雪水汽由大气环流决定, 北方冷空气、中纬西风和较低纬度的西南风带来的水汽均可以影响新疆, 700 hPa与850 hPa的水汽输送相当, 500 hPa的西方和南方水汽输送也不可忽视. |
| 关 键 词： | 新疆 大～暴雪过程 气候特征 水汽分析 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0240(2005)03-0389-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年11月5日 |
Analyses of the Climate Characteristics and Water Vapor of Heavy Snow in Xinjiang Region |
|
| YANG Lian-mei,YANG Tao,JIA Li-hong,CHANG Tao.Analyses of the Climate Characteristics and Water Vapor of Heavy Snow in Xinjiang Region[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(3):389-396. | |
| Authors: | YANG Lian-mei YANG Tao JIA Li-hong CHANG Tao |
| Abstract: | Based on compiled daily rainfall data from 50 meteorological stations in the northern Xinjiang Region and the Tianshan Mountains from November 1 st to April 15 th of the next year between 1961 and 2002,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,interannual variation of heavy snowstorms are analyzed by the methods of statistics and diagnose. The causes of severe snow disaster during 2000 _2001 winter are analyzed, and the origin and the characteristics of the water vapor of heavy snowstorms are studied through a typical example. The results show: 1) There are 4 high frequent areas, namely Altay area, Tachen basin, Yili valley and north slopes of Tianshan Mountains from Wusu to Mulei; Heavy snow processes in the first three regions are over 50% in previous winter, and in spring and middle winter in turn, and about 43% in north slopes of Tianshan Mountains during previous winter and spring. 2) Heavy snow processes exhibit an obvious increase in Altay area (0 ^3 times 5(10a) + {-1 }), Yili valley (0 ^7 times 5(10a) + {-1 } ) and northern Tianshan Mountains (0 ^5 times 5(10a) + {-1 }). 3)Heavy snow processes are abnormal less before the 1980s, abnormal more after the 1980s, mainly in the 1990s. 4)Severe snow disaster during 2000 _2001 winter was caused by persistence abnormal atmospheric circulation and frequent cold air and many snowfall processes. Water vapor depends on atmospheric circulation, and it is brought by north cold air, westerly wind in middle latitude and southwest wind in low latitude. Vapor transfer in 700 hPa is equivalent to that in 850 hPa, and that in 500 hPa cannot be ignored. |
| Keywords: | Xinjiang heavy snowstorm climate characteristic water vapor |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ | |