| 影响流域生态补偿中生态工人创新机制的因素分析——以石羊河流域为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 尚海洋,丁杨,宋妮妮.影响流域生态补偿中生态工人创新机制的因素分析——以石羊河流域为例[J].冰川冻土,2017,39(6):1357-1364. |
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| 作者姓名： | 尚海洋 丁杨 宋妮妮 |
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| 作者单位： | 兰州财经大学,甘肃 兰州,730000;兰州财经大学,甘肃 兰州,730000;兰州财经大学,甘肃 兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目，甘肃省软科学项目，国家社科基金西部项目，国家自然科学基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 生态工人机制的引入,一方面有助于提高环境保护与维护工程、项目的实施效果,另一方面也为直接参与生态保护和维护的从业人员提供了一定的经济报酬。特别是对于生态环境脆弱地区因环境保护工程(如实施生态补偿退耕/牧还林/草)而造成收入、生计下降的居民来讲,在提高保护意识、参与保护实践的同时,增强了主动性与参与性。通过列举在流域生态保护与生态治理相关的10个生态职业岗位,以石羊河流域为例调查流域住民对生态工人的认知情况,分析影响农户成为生态工人的因素。从调查发现,支持生态工人机制的原因主要包括:主要收入来源;家门口务工;农闲打零工,贴补家用;不为挣钱,保护我周围的生态环境;造福子孙后代。拒绝接受生态工人机制的原因中"家里事情多,忙不过来"的单一原因最多,"工资收入无法保障"、"生态工人工资低"、"技术性太强,培训也做不来"分布较为集中,而"生态环境好坏与我无关"、"生态环境好坏与我无关"生态保护意识淡漠的原因较少,而"没有原因,就是不想参与"的直接抗拒性回答比重较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态补偿 生态工人 影响因素 石羊河流域 |
Analysis of factors affecting watershed ecological compensation innovative mechanism of ecological workers: a case study in the Shiyang River basin |
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| Abstract: | On the one hand, the introduction of ecological workers mechanism is useful for improving the prac-tice performance of the environmental protection and maintenance project. On the other hand, it also provides economic compensation to employees who are directly involved in ecological conservation and maintenance. Especially for the residents living in ecological vulnerability areas and having a decline in income and livelihood caused by environmental protection projects ( such as implementing eco-compensation of returning farmland to/animal husbandry to forestry/grass), it not only raises awareness and participates in the protection, but also enhances the initiative and participation. Though listing ten ecology professional positions related to ecological watershed protection and ecological management, and taking the Shiyang River drainage as an example to con-duct a survey about basin residents recognize situation of the ecological workers, and analyze the impact factors of influencing farmers becoming ecological workers. From the survey, it was found that reasons for supporting ecological workers mechanisms include:the main source of income;works near home; doing odd jobs in slack season to supplement the family income; not to earn money, just to protect the ecological environment; and make the benefit to future generations. In the reasons of rejecting receive the ecological workers mechanisms, the reason that "having more things at home and it's too busy to participate" is the most, and the reason that"sala-ries cannot be guaranteed","ecological wage is low","although trended, it's still too technical to do" central-ized distribution, the reason of"I do not care whether the ecological environment is good or bad" is less, but the direct resistant answer "there is no reason, just do not want to participate" is in a large proportion. |
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| Keywords: | ecological compensation ecological workers influencing factors Shiyang River basin |
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