| 三极地区雪冰中黑碳研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 马翔宇,李传金.三极地区雪冰中黑碳研究进展[J].冰川冻土,2021,43(1):92-106. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马翔宇 李传金 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41671063);中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院青年创新促进会项目(1110000001) |
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| 摘 要： | 黑碳被认为是除温室气体外对气候变暖贡献最大的辐射强迫因子。三极（北极、南极和青藏高原）地区是全球雪冰分布最集中的区域，沉积至雪冰中的黑碳可反映人类活动的历史变化，并可能导致反照率降低而影响物质能量平衡。通过系统回顾三极地区雪冰黑碳的研究方法、空间分布、时间变化及其造成的辐射强迫，得到的研究结果表明： 由于处于不同的地理位置和环境条件，三极雪冰中黑碳的时空分布及其辐射强迫差异较大，其中青藏高原是浓度和辐射强迫影响最大的地区，也是对水资源和生态安全潜在影响最严重的区域。三极地区雪冰中保存着长时间序列的黑碳沉积记录，是研究自然变率、人类活动影响黑碳沉积历史（如北极与青藏高原冰芯中记录的工业革命以来黑碳沉积的快速上升）的良好介质，同样为模型预测未来变化提供了数据支持。三极地区是全球变化的指示器和放大器，在全球变暖不断加剧的背景下，黑碳必然会在未来的三极地区气候演变中扮演更为重要的角色。
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| 关 键 词： | 北极 南极 青藏高原 黑碳 冰川 冰芯 时空变化 辐射强迫 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-10-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-06-17 |
Research progress on black carbon in snow and ice in the three polar regions |
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| MA Xiangyu,LI Chuanjin.Research progress on black carbon in snow and ice in the three polar regions[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2021,43(1):92-106. |
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| Authors: | MA Xiangyu LI Chuanjin |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China |
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| Abstract: | Black carbon is currently the maximum anthropocentric radiation forcing factor other than greenhouse gases. The three polar regions （Arctic，Antarctic，and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau） are the areas possessing most abundant snow and ice in the world. The black carbon deposited in the snow and ice can reflect the historical changes of anthropocentric activities and may cause the reduction of Alberto and then affect the matter and energy balance. This paper reviews the analysis method，spatial distribution，temporal variation and radiation forcing of black carbon in snow and ice in the three polar regions. Due to different geographical locations and environmental conditions，the spatial and temporal distribution of black carbon in snow and ice in the three polar regions and its radiation forcing are with great regional differences. Among them，the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the region most affected by the black carbon deposition and radiation forcing，which has most serious effect on water resources and ecological security potentially. Long time records of black carbon deposition preserved in snow and ice in the three polar regions are ideal medium for studying natural variability and influence of anthropocentric activities on the history of black carbon deposition （such as the rapid rise of black carbon concentration recorded in the ice cores of the Arctic and the Tibetan Plateau since the industrial revolution），and also provides data for modelling the future change. The three polar regions are indicators and amplifiers of global change，and in the background of increasing global warming，black carbon will play a more important role in the climate evolution in the three polar regions in future. |
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| Keywords: | Arctic Antarctic Qinghai-Tibet Plateau black carbon glacier ice core spatial and temporal variations radiation forcing |
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