| 北极快速增暖背景下冰冻圈变化及其影响研究综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 蔡子怡,游庆龙,陈德亮,张若楠,陈金雷,康世昌.北极快速增暖背景下冰冻圈变化及其影响研究综述[J].冰川冻土,2021,43(3):902-916. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蔡子怡 游庆龙 陈德亮 张若楠 陈金雷 康世昌 |
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| 作者单位： | 复旦大学大气与海洋科学系,上海200438;复旦大学大气与海洋科学系,上海200438;中国气象局-复旦大学海洋气象灾害联合实验室,上海200438;瑞典哥德堡大学地球科学系,瑞典哥德堡40530;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000;中国科学院大学,北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105);国家自然科学基金项目(41971072) |
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| 摘 要： | 北极具有独特的地理位置和战略地位，是当前全球变化研究的热点区域之一。北极增暖是全球平均值的两倍以上，被称为“北极放大”现象。在北极快速增暖背景下，冰冻圈尤其是海冰显著萎缩，对北极乃至中纬度天气气候产生深远影响。对北极快速增暖背景下冰冻圈主要要素（包括海冰、冰盖、冰川、积雪和冻土）时空变化特征及未来预估进行了综述，同时总结了海冰变化对北极气候系统（大气圈、水圈、岩石圈和生物圈）以及中纬度极端天气气候事件的影响。指出当前北极冰冻圈变化研究受观测资料缺乏及模式模拟不确定等问题限制，其机理及对中纬度天气气候影响机制仍存在争议。未来还需要加强北极地区的综合监测，提高模式对北极气候系统物理过程的模拟能力，进行多模式、多数据、多方法的集成研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 北极 增暖 冰冻圈 变化 影响 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-06-10 |
Review of changes and impacts of the cryosphere under the background of rapid Arctic warming |
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| CAI Ziyi,YOU Qinglong,CHEN Deliang,ZHANG Ruonan,CHEN Jinlei,KANG Shichang.Review of changes and impacts of the cryosphere under the background of rapid Arctic warming[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2021,43(3):902-916. |
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| Authors: | CAI Ziyi YOU Qinglong CHEN Deliang ZHANG Ruonan CHEN Jinlei KANG Shichang |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences，Fudan University，Shanghai 200438，China;2.CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology，Shanghai 200438，China;3.Department of Earth Sciences，University of Gothenburg，Gothenburg 40530，Sweden;4.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China |
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| Abstract: | The Arctic has a unique geographical location and strategic position， and it has become a hotspot for global change. The Arctic warming is more than twice than the global mean， which is called Arctic amplification. Under the background of rapid warming， the Arctic cryosphere has undergone strong changes， which have profound impacts on the Arctic climate and even the mid-latitude climate. This study summarizes the spatial and temporal characteristics and future projections of the main elements of the cryosphere （including sea ice， Greenland Ice Sheet， glaciers， snow and permafrost） under the background of rapid Arctic warming. At the same time， the impacts of cryospheric changes on the Arctic climate system （atmosphere， hydrosphere， lithosphere and biosphere） and extreme weather and climate events in mid-latitudes are reviewed. It is pointed out that the current research on the Arctic climate system still suffers from the insufficient observational data and the uncertainty of model simulations. Mechanisms responsible for the Arctic climate system and the ways in which the Arctic cryosphere influences the mid-latitudes are still controversial. This study motivates further effort to further develop the monitoring system for the Arctic， improve models’ ability to realistically represent the components and physical processes of the Arctic climate system， and conduct integrated research based on multi-data， multi-methods， and multi-models. |
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| Keywords: | Arctic warming cryosphere changes impacts |
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