| 土体冻融特征研究现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 张熙胤,张明义,路建国,裴万胜,晏忠瑞.土体冻融特征研究现状与展望[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(6):1644-1657. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张熙胤 张明义 路建国 裴万胜 晏忠瑞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 冻土工程国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41471063)，中国科学院“百人计划”项目，冻土工程国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKLFSE-ZT-23)，中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-19)，中国科学院STS项目(HHS-TSS-STS-1502)，中国科学院青年创新促进会(2012300;张明义) |
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| 摘 要： | 冻土中水分迁移是导致土体冻胀的关键因素，而研究水分迁移及其驱动力的核心问题是要充分理解未冻水含量与温度、基质吸力等变量之间的关系，这些关系可充分体现土体在冻融过程中土水变化特征。长期以来，对土体冻融特征的研究采取的是与非饱和土力学中的土水特征类比的方法进行，结果也证明了二者存在一定的相似性。但是冻土中因冰-水相界面作用产生基质吸力与融土中水-气相界面作用产生基质吸力的机理并不完全相同，而由于相变等其他作用产生的冻融滞后效应与融土中孔隙“墨水瓶效应”等引起的滞后效应机理也有区别。针对这些机理性的不同,还需要做大量的研究工作才能真正揭示土体的冻融特征。通过对目前土体冻融特征方面研究进展和存在问题的归纳总结，笔者认为今后在这方面还需深入开展如下研究：建立适合各类土壤冻融特征的一般预测模型，使得在缺少数据条件下能快速获取所需土样的冻融特征；研究土体在冻融和干湿变化过程中存在的类似性及区别，对冻融过程中存在的滞后效应机理给出合理的解释；提升冻融特征变量的测试技术水平，研发高精度的相关仪器设备。
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| 关 键 词： | 冻融过程 土水特征 未冻水含量 基质势 滞后效应 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-05-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-09-06 |
Study of the freezing and thawing features of soil: current situation and outlook |
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| ZHANG Xiyin,ZHANG Mingyi,LU Jianguo,PEI Wansheng,YAN Zhongrui.Study of the freezing and thawing features of soil: current situation and outlook[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016,38(6):1644-1657. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xiyin ZHANG Mingyi LU Jianguo PEI Wansheng YAN Zhongrui |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Water migration is the key contributor for frost heave during soil freezing,and the driving force of water migration depends on soil temperature,unfrozen water content,matric suction and the relationship between them.The relationship is known as the soil-water characteristics in frozen soils.Generally speaking,the soilwater characteristics and the hysteresis effects have similar change laws between drying-wetting and freezingthawing processes.It seems that the soil-water characteristics in frozen soils can also be explained based on the existing theories on soil-water characteristics in unfrozen soils.However,there are several special factors cannot be ignored,such as negative temperature,phase change and so on during freezing and thawing process.Therefore,it is believed that although the soil-water characteristics and the hysteresis effects are similar,their mechanisms may be quite different.Therefore,a great deal of work need to be done to develop the soil-water characteristics during soil freezing and thawing.Detailed analysis and summary are provided about the present situation and the existing problems of the water characteristics during soil freezing and thawing,as well as references for the aftertime study are put forward:a) establishing a typical model to the soil below freezing point to predict soil-water characteristics effectively with limited data;b) investigating the similarity and difference of the soilwater characteristics effect between unfrozen and frozen soil,and demonstrating the mechanism of the hysteresis effect during freezing and thawing;c) promoting the research of measurement techniques of the soil-water characteristics in frozen soil. |
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| Keywords: | freezing-thawing process soil-water characteristics unfrozen water content matric potential hysteresis effect |
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