| 1990—2018年中巴经济走廊冰湖时空变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 姚超,王欣,赵轩茹,魏俊锋,张勇.1990—2018年中巴经济走廊冰湖时空变化特征[J].冰川冻土,2020,42(1):33-42. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姚超 王欣 赵轩茹 魏俊锋 张勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖南科技大学 资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南 湘潭 411201;2.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0100100);国家自然科学基金项目(41761144075) |
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| 摘 要： | 中巴经济走廊是贯通南北丝路的关键枢纽。在全球变暖的背景下， 区域内冰川变化情况复杂， 部分冰川出现前进或跃动现象， 冰湖溃决的风险在不断上升， 进而威胁中巴经济走廊的建设与民生安全。基于1990—2018年Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像， 利用目视解译方法提取了中巴经济走廊3期冰湖编目数据， 并分析了28年来该区域内冰湖的总体变化趋势、 空间异质性以及成因。结果表明： 中巴经济走廊目前共发育有2 380个冰湖， 总面积为（131.76±19.08） km2， 集中分布于喀喇昆仑山脉和喜马拉雅山脉； 1990—2018年期间， 冰湖总体面积扩张速度为0.48%·a-1， 但各个山脉不同规模冰湖面积变化差异较大。中巴经济走廊在气温和降水的共同作用下， 区内冰湖面积呈扩张趋势， 同时气温和降水变化率的空间差异使得冰湖面积变化存在空间差异； 冰川的快速退缩增加了区内冰湖溃决的风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 中巴经济走廊 冰湖 时空变化 Landsat |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-10-30 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-03-16 |
Spatial-temporal variation of glacial lakes in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor from 1990 to 2018 |
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| Chao YAO,Xin WANG,Xuanru ZHAO,Junfeng WEI,Yong ZHANG.Spatial-temporal variation of glacial lakes in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor from 1990 to 2018[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2020,42(1):33-42. |
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| Authors: | Chao YAO Xin WANG Xuanru ZHAO Junfeng WEI Yong ZHANG |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering，Hunan University of Science and Technology，Xiangtan 411100，Hunan，China;2.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China |
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| Abstract: | The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is a key route connecting the north-south silk road. Due to global warming， the situation of glacier changes in this region is complex， some glaciers appear advancing and surging， the risk of glacial lake outbreak is rising， which threatens the construction of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and people’s livelihood. Based on remote sensing images from Landsat TM/ETM/OLI from 1990 to 2018， this paper extracts the data of glacial lake outbreak from three Glacial lake Catalog along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor by means of visual interpretation， and analyzes the overall change trend， spatial heterogeneity and causes of glacial lake outbreak in the corridor over the past 28 years. The results show that there are currently 2 380 glacial lakes in the corridor， with a total area of （131.76±19.08） km2， concentrating in the Karakoram Mountains and the Himalayas； between 1990 and 2018， the overall area of the glacial lake had expanded with a rate of 0.48%·a-1， but the size of the glacial lake varies widely from place to place； in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor， under the combined effect of temperature and precipitation， the area of glacial lake is expanding now， at the same time， the spatial differences in temperature and precipitation change rates result in the change of glacial lake area with spatial difference； the rapid retreat of the glacier is increasing the risk of glacial lake collapse in the corridor. |
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| Keywords: | the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor glacial lake spatial-temporal change Landsat |
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