| 新疆伊犁地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 郝建盛,张飞云,黄法融,李兰海.新疆伊犁地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律及其影响因素[J].冰川冻土,2020,42(4):1179-1185. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郝建盛 张飞云 黄法融 李兰海 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.新疆农业大学 管理学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;4.中国科学院 中亚生态环境研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41401030);科技部科技基础资源调查专项“中国典型积雪区积雪特性地面调查”(2017FY100501) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于2000 - 2014年新疆伊犁地区不同海拔区域观测的冻融期内的冻土、 积雪和气象数据， 应用相关性分析和回归分析方法， 分析该地区季节冻土沿海拔的分布规律， 以及气温、 积雪对季节冻土特征的影响。结果表明： 伊犁地区表层土壤存在着每年11月份开始结冻， 于次年4月份完全融化的周期性变化。每个周期内土壤冻结时长随海拔以4 d·（100m）-1的趋势增加， 土壤最大冻结深度随海拔以3.9 cm·（100m）-1的趋势增加。土壤冻结时长与冻结期的平均气温具有显著负相关关系， 相关系数为-0.98（P<0.05）。土壤冻结日数与积雪覆盖历时呈正相关关系， 土壤的最大冻结深度与最大雪深呈负相关关系。随着海拔升高， 温度递减， 导致伊犁地区土壤最大冻结深度和土壤冻结日数整体呈现增加趋势。但在海拔相对较高的地区， 由于相对较厚积雪的影响， 出现土壤最大冻结深度随海拔升高而减小的反常现象。研究结果可为新疆伊犁地区季节冻土的分布对气候变化的响应研究提供支持， 帮助研究区域生态规划和水资源管理， 为农业发展制定适应气候变化对策。
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| 关 键 词： | 新疆 伊犁 季节冻土 海拔 积雪 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-05-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-10-05 |
Altitudinal distribution pattern of seasonally frozen ground and its influencing factors in the Ili basin， Xinjiang |
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| Jiansheng HAO,Feiyun ZHANG,Farong HUANG,Lanhai LI.Altitudinal distribution pattern of seasonally frozen ground and its influencing factors in the Ili basin， Xinjiang[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2020,42(4):1179-1185. |
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| Authors: | Jiansheng HAO Feiyun ZHANG Farong HUANG Lanhai LI |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology，Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Urumqi 830011，China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China;3.Faculty of Management，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Urumqi 830052，China;4.Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Urumqi 830011，China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the observation of seasonally frozen ground， snow cover and temperature during 2000 - 2014 from various representative meteorological stations in the Ili basin， using linear regression and correlation analysis， the variation of seasonally frozen ground along altitude and the influence of temperature and snow cover depth on seasonally frozen ground in the Ili basin were analyzed. The results showed that the ground starts freezing in November and thawed completely in April of the next year in the prefecture. The seasonally frozen duration and maximum frozen depth of the ground increases with the rates of 4 d·（100m）-1 and 3.9 cm·（100m）-1， respectively， with altitude. The seasonally frozen duration of the ground shows a significant negative correlation to the average temperature during soil freezing period （R=-0.98， P<0.05）. The frozen duration of the ground is positively correlated with the duration of snow cover， and the maximum frozen depth of the ground is negatively correlated with the maximum snow depth. The temperature decreases with the increase of altitude， which leads to the overall increase of maximum frozen depth of the ground and the frozen duration of the ground in the Ili basin. However， the maximum frozen depth of the ground shows decreases with the increase of altitude in the relatively high altitude region due to the influence of relatively thick snowpack. The results of the study will provide help for the research on the response of seasonally frozen ground distribution to climate change in the Ili basin， thus helping ecological planning， water resources management and agricultural development to formulate adaptive climate change countermeasures. |
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| Keywords: | Xinjiang the Ili basin seasonally frozen ground altitude snow cover |
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