| 中国第一代再分析产品CRA Interim气温在东南极中山站 - Dome A断面的适用性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱江萍,谢爱红,丁明虎,赵聪,郭晓寅,胡婉嫔,徐冰,秦翔.中国第一代再分析产品CRA Interim气温在东南极中山站 - Dome A断面的适用性分析[J].冰川冻土,2020,42(4):1145-1157. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱江萍 谢爱红 丁明虎 赵聪 郭晓寅 胡婉嫔 徐冰 秦翔 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;3.中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081;4.西南交通大学 地球科学与环境工程学院, 四川 成都 611756 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41671073) |
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| 摘 要： | 2017年中国气象局发布中国第一代全球大气和陆面再分析产品（以下简称“中国再分析产品”）CRA Interim， 通过对比CRA Interim气温资料与中国在南极考察区域中山站 - Dome A断面气象站实测2 m气温、 欧洲中期数值预报中心再分析产品（以下简称“欧洲再分析产品”）ERA Interim和ERA5相应的气温资料， 分析了CRA Interim气温在东南极中山站 - Dome A断面的适用性。结果表明： 三种再分析产品均能反映研究区域的气温变化， 均具有一定适用性， 但是都存在一定偏差且适用性存在区域差异和季节差异。CRA Interim、 ERA Interim、 ERA5对中山站 - Dome A断面气温的解释方差分别为81.3%、 87.1%、 87.2%。中国与欧洲再分析产品对日均值与最低温的反演都呈现负偏差， CRA Interim对最高温的反演表现为负偏差（-1.8 ℃）， 欧洲再分析产品则表现为正偏差（ERA Interim和ERA5偏差分别为0.5 ℃和0.8 ℃）。中国与欧洲再分析产品在位于冰盖边缘的中山站适用性最好， 位于冰盖内陆的Dome A次之， 对Eagle站气温的反演偏差较大。三种再分析产品对冬季气温反演最差， ERA Interim对秋季气温反演最好， CRA Interim和ERA5对夏季气温反演最好。CRA Interim、 ERA Interim、 ERA5对极端低温事件发生时最低温的解释方差分别为46.1%、 76.9%、 87.3%， 对极端高温事件发生时最高温的解释方差分别为59.9%、 65.1%、 73.6%， 极端事件发生时ERA5对极端气温的反演更为准确。2016年9月3日 - 13日极端低温事件主要受冷高压的影响， 7月25日 - 8月6日极端高温事件主要受暖低压和暖舌的影响。CRA Interim能够反演东南极中山站 - Dome A断面的气温及极端气温事件的变化， 但对风场尤其是中山站风场的反演不准确。与欧洲再分析产品相比， CRA Interim在中山站 - Dome A断面的适用性较低， 三种再分析产品中ERA5更适于南极极端天气与气候的研究。
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| 关 键 词： | CRA Interim ERA Interim ERA5 东南极 气温 极端事件 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-11-20 |
Applicability analysis of the air temperature in the CMA Global ReAnalysis product CRA Interim in the section from Zhongshan Station to Dome A， East Antarctica |
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| Jiangping ZHU,Aihong XIE,Minghu DING,Cong ZHAO,Xiaoyin GUO,Wanpin HU,Bing XU,Xiang QIN.Applicability analysis of the air temperature in the CMA Global ReAnalysis product CRA Interim in the section from Zhongshan Station to Dome A， East Antarctica[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2020,42(4):1145-1157. |
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| Authors: | Jiangping ZHU Aihong XIE Minghu DING Cong ZHAO Xiaoyin GUO Wanpin HU Bing XU Xiang QIN |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China;3.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences，Beijing 100081，China;4.Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 611756，China |
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| Abstract: | The CMA Global ReAnalysis product CRA Interim was released in 2017 by China Meteorological Administration. The accuracy of daily minimum， maximum and mean 2-m air temperatures （Tmin， Tmax， Tmean） in 2016 from CRA Interim was assessed against field observations and ECMWF Re-Analysis products （ERA Interim and ERA5）. The field observations were from Zhongshan Station， Eagle Station and Dome A that located in East Antarctica. It was found that CRA Interim can capture temporal temperature variations， with an explained variance more than 81.0%， and generally showed a negative bias of -0.5， -1.8， -1.3 ℃ for Tmin， Tmax and Tmean， respectively. Similar as ECMWF Re-Analysis products， CRA Interim showed a regional variability， and performed better at Zhongshan Station. CRA Interim and ERA5 performed better in summer， while ERA Interim performed better in autumn. CRA Interim can explain the temperature variance of more than 45.0% for extreme low temperature event， and close to 60.0% for extreme high temperature event. The cold event occurred during Sept. 3 to Sept. 13， which was mainly affected by stronger cold high pressure. The warm event occurred during Jul. 25 to Aug. 6， and was mainly affected by warm low pressure and warm tongue. An analysis on temperature and pressure fields indicated that CRA Interim can replicate the progress of temperature extremes developing， occurring and disappearing. However， it doesn’t work well in wind field， particularly at Zhongshan Station. ECMWF Re-Analysis products perform better than CRA Interim， and ERA5 is a more powerful tool for extreme weather and climate studies in East Antarctica. |
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| Keywords: | CRA Interim ERA Interim ERA5 East Antarctica air temperature extreme events |
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