| 1961-2016年乌鲁木齐河流域气温和降水垂直梯度变化研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李开明,钟晓菲,姜烨,李佳宁,李林凤,周平.1961-2016年乌鲁木齐河流域气温和降水垂直梯度变化研究[J].冰川冻土,2018,40(3):607-615. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李开明 钟晓菲 姜烨 李佳宁 李林凤 周平 |
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| 作者单位： | 兰州城市学院,甘肃兰州730070;兰州交通大学,甘肃兰州730070;兰州城市学院,甘肃兰州,730070;兰州交通大学,甘肃兰州,730070;中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41661014;41771077)，兰州城市学院2017年度本科生科研创新基金项目(2017-55) |
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| 摘 要： | 新疆乌鲁木齐河流域高山区和平原区气候条件差异较大，对该流域气温和降水垂直梯度变化的研究，有利于了解不同地理要素之间的作用过程。利用乌鲁木齐河流域6个气象观测站数据，分析研究了气温和降水的变化趋势、气温和降水及其倾向率与海拔的关系，以及不同月份气温和降水随海拔的变化特征。结果表明：1961-2016年间，乌鲁木齐河流域气温和降水总体呈上升趋势，其中乌鲁木齐站气温和降水倾向率分别为0.189℃·（10a）-1和28.83 mm·（10a）-1，大西沟站气温和降水倾向率分别为0.268℃·（10a）-1和18.85 mm·（10a）-1；气温和降水与海拔关系密切，随海拔降低气温逐渐升高，而降水呈减少趋势；高海拔区气温升温倾向率总体大于低海拔区，降水倾向率随高度增加而明显增加；月气温变化速率随海拔升高呈“钟”形分布，并在5-8月达到最大；月降水变化速率随海拔变化表现为下降~上升~下降~上升，并在5-8月达到峰值。
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| 关 键 词： | 乌鲁木齐河流域 气候变化 梯度变化 气温 降水 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-02-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-04-15 |
Study on vertical gradient change of air temperature and precipitation in ürümqi River basin during 1961-2016 |
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| LI Kaiming,ZHONG Xiaofei,JIANG Ye,LI Jianing,LI Linfeng,ZHOU Ping.Study on vertical gradient change of air temperature and precipitation in ürümqi River basin during 1961-2016[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2018,40(3):607-615. |
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| Authors: | LI Kaiming ZHONG Xiaofei JIANG Ye LI Jianing LI Linfeng ZHOU Ping |
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| Institution: | 1. Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2. Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;3. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | There are great differences in climate change between high mountains and plains in the Vrümqi River basin of Xinjiang. Researching the vertical gradient variations of air temperature and precipitation in this regions may be useful for knowing the interaction process among various geographical factors. Based on the observation in the Vrümqi River basin, the change trend of air temperature and precipitation, the relationship between air temperature, precipitation and its inclination rates with altitude are analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the air temperature and precipitation had increased from 1961 through 2016. The inclination rates of air temperature and precipitation in Daxigou Station were 0.189℃·(10a)-1 and 28.83 mm·(10a)-1, respectively, and those in Vrümqi Station were 0.268℃·(10a)-1 and 18.85 mm·(10a)-1, respectively. Air temperature and precipitation have close relationship with altitude; air temperature gradually increases and precipitation decreases as elevation decreasing. The inclination rate of air temperature in high altitude is larger than that in lower elevation, while it is reverse for that of precipitation. The curve of monthly air temperature inclination rate varying with elevation shows down~up~down~up, with a peak during ablation period. The value of precipitation inclination rate shows slightly descending~dramatically ascending~dramatically descending~slightly ascending, and reaching the maximum in summer. |
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| Keywords: | Vrümqi River basin climate change gradient change air temperature precipitation |
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