Identifying geological hazards related to tunneling in carbonate karstic rocks - Zagros, Iran |
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| Authors: | Hamid Reza Zarei Ali Uromeihy Mostafa Sharifzadeh |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Engineering Geology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Engineering, Amirkabir University of technology, Tehran, Iran
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| Abstract: | The construction of tunnels in carbonate karstic rocks has always been the most hazardous and problematic task in civil and mining engineering, as it can threaten tunneling project from safety, time and economic aspects. Therefore, it is essential to identify hazards resulting from construction in early stages of a project. The present paper is aimed to identify main geological hazards related to tunneling in carbonate karstic rocks in the Zagros Mountains. The process of identification relies upon a review of construction experiences obtained from several projects with a focus on the Kuhrang Tunnels. Obviously, groundwater inrush and tunnel flooding, ground inflow and fill-back of the tunnel, instability of weak fill materials, and TBM jamming are the main potential hazards of tunneling in the Zagros Mountains, imposing huge problems during construction. Inadequate understanding of hazards and not being prepared enough to take appropriate countermeasures are the main sources of the problems. In addition, the investigation of the present study provides guidelines to reduce the risks of tunneling in the carbonate karstic rocks with similar geological condition. |
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