| 贵州平寨水库左岸底层灌浆廊道大型充填溶洞及其形成机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘子金,袁代江,武兴亮,张磊.贵州平寨水库左岸底层灌浆廊道大型充填溶洞及其形成机制[J].工程地质学报(英文版),2015,23(3):554-563. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘子金 袁代江 武兴亮 张磊 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院 贵阳 550002 |
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| 基金项目： | 贵州省科技厅基金项目(黔科合重大专项字[2012]6013-1号)资助． |
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| 摘 要： | 平寨水库坝址区以碳酸盐岩为主,岩溶较发育,水库左岸底层灌浆廊道大型充填溶洞,是水库地下工程施工开挖中揭露的规模最大、对水库渗漏影响最大、设计及施工处理难度最大的溶洞。本文以工程前期地质勘察工作为基础,在区域地貌、地质构造格局、地层岩性、地表及地下水系发育特征研究的基础上,结合工程防渗施工揭露的岩溶水文地质现象、洞穴充填物研究等,从可溶性岩层、地下水来源及运移途径、暗河冲刷与洞顶坍塌作用4个方面,对溶洞发育形成机制进行了研究。分析认为,鸡场背斜北西翼纵向张裂隙和横张裂隙及层间滑脱、断裂破碎带,为五里大洞鸡场洼地上坝洼地地下水向三岔河的径流提供了运移的原始空间与通道,形成溶洞的地下水为五里大洞鸡场洼地上坝洼地地下暗河,长期溶蚀作用使裂隙通道变为溶蚀宽缝并最终转化为岩溶管道,岩溶水沿此通道在左岸底层灌浆廊道桩号0+238～0+296m附近下中部岩体呈虹吸状循环,地下水的强烈冲刷与洞顶坍塌在溶洞形成过程中的作用巨大,后因深部径流条件改变,岩溶管道被逐渐堵塞,形成如今的大型充填溶洞。
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| 关 键 词： | 平寨水库 溶洞 发育特征 灌浆廊道 形成机制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-01-13 |
LARGE FILLING KARST CAVE AND FORMATION MECHANISM IN BOTTOM GROUTING GALLERY ON LEFT BANK OF PINGZHAI RESERVOIR,GUIZHOU |
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| LIU Zijin,YUAN Daijiang,WU Xingliang,ZHANG Lei.LARGE FILLING KARST CAVE AND FORMATION MECHANISM IN BOTTOM GROUTING GALLERY ON LEFT BANK OF PINGZHAI RESERVOIR,GUIZHOU[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(3):554-563. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zijin YUAN Daijiang WU Xingliang ZHANG Lei |
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| Institution: | Guizhou Survey/Design Research Institute for Water Resources and Hydropower, Guiyang 550002 |
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| Abstract: | The dam area of Pingzhai reservoir is dominated with carbonate rocks. Karst develops seriously. A large filled karst cave is discovered in bottom grouting gallery on the left bank of dam site. It is the largest in scale and it mostly affects the seepage of reservoir. The design and construction about the cave are the most difficult one among all of the caves discovered during the excavation of underground engineering. This paper is based on the engineering geological exploration carried on before design stage and the study about regional landforms, geological structure, stratum lithology and river system of surface and underground water. It further combines the karst hydro geological phenomenon and cave fillings discovered during the construction of curtain grouting engineering. This paper examines the four aspects including soluble rock, groundwater sources and transport and erosion of underground river, collapse of cave roof. It studies the formation mechanism of karst development, carries on the analysis. It finds that there are the NW longitudinal tension fractures and horizontal tensile cracks on Jichang anticline and interlayer gliding, and the fault structural fracture zone. They provide the original space and channel for karst system of Wuli Cave-Jichang depression-Shangba depression runoff to Shanchahe. They provide the formation of karst caves of groundwater, the long-term corrosion caused fissure channel to wide crack then to karst pipe, and forms the inverted siphon circulation of karst water at 0+220m0+238m of mileage in the bottom grouting gallery on the left bank. Strong erosion and roof collapse are also immensely helpful in cave formation. Due to deep runoff conditions are changed and channel for karst gradually is filled, the large filled karst cave is developed finally. |
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| Keywords: | Pingzhai reservoir Karst cave Development characteristics Grouting tunnel Formation mechanism |
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