| 临汾盆地果场地裂缝成因机理分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 乔建伟,薛守中,彭建兵,刘聪,孟令超.临汾盆地果场地裂缝成因机理分析[J].工程地质学报(英文版),2015,23(4):769-777. |
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| 作者姓名： | 乔建伟 薛守中 彭建兵 刘聪 孟令超 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.长安大学地质工程系 西安 710054; |
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| 基金项目： | 全国地面沉降地裂缝调查项目(NO.121011120067), 活动地裂缝对高速铁路简支梁桥危害机理及工程措施研究(41302252), 多因素地裂缝成因机理研究(41202196)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 地裂缝是临汾盆地主要的地质灾害之一, 自20世纪70年代盆地开始出现地裂缝以来, 至2012年8月共发现86条地裂缝。本文以临汾盆地内部典型地裂缝临汾果场地裂缝为研究对象, 详细地论述了地裂缝发育的地质环境背景。利用野外调查、测量、槽探、钻探和物理勘探等地质手段, 主要研究了地裂缝的发育特征, 包括平面特征、灾害特征、浅部剖面结构特征和深部特征4个方面, 总结了地裂缝的活动规律。发现果场地裂缝平面延伸长, 宽度大, 走向稳定, 灾害严重; 浅表层上宽下窄, 呈喇叭状, 深部结构显示地裂缝下伏隐伏断层, 地裂缝活动受降雨控制。通过分析影响地裂缝形成的各个因素:盆地构造、超采地下水和强降雨, 将果场地裂缝的形成分为3个阶段:孕育阶段、出露阶段和扩展阶段; 最后概化了果场地裂缝的成因机理:构造孕缝、抽水诱缝和降雨扩缝。
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| 关 键 词： | 临汾盆地 地裂缝 地质环境 发育特征 成因机理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-04-28 |
ANALYSIS FOR MECHANISM OF GUOCHANG EARTH FISSURES IN LINFENBASIN |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Geological Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054;2.Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054;3.Open Research Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering, Ministry of Land and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054;4.North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Academy of Resource and Environment, Zhengzhou 450045 |
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| Abstract: | Earth fissures are one of the geohazards in Linfen Basin. They firstly occurred here in 1970s.86 earth fissures were found in Linfen Basin in August, 2012. This paper examines the Guochang earth fissure. It expounds in detail the geological environment of Linfen Basin. The geological investigation, measurement, trenching, drilling and geophysical exploration are used to study the characteristics of earth fissure. They include the planes, damages, shallow sectional structure, deep features. It then summarizes the activity of earth fissure. Finally, this paper discovers the main characteristics of Guochang earth fissure. It has planar long extend, fat width, stability of trend, and severe damages. The shallow section is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, which look likestrumpet.The deep features show the extractive activity existed in the lower part of earth fissure. The activity of ground fissure is controlled by rainfall. The effects of different factors on Guochang earth fissure are analyzed. The factors include tectonic activity, excessive extraction of groundwater and heavy rains. The formation of Guochang earth fissure is divided into the three steps of inoculation, formation and expansion. At last, the formation mechanism of Guochang earth fissure is acquired. The mechanism includes that (1)tectonic activity inoculates the fissure, (2)pumping groundwater triggers the fissure and (3)heavy rainfalls extend the fissure. |
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