| 煤矸石回填地基的环境效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李树志,白国良,田迎斌.煤矸石回填地基的环境效应研究[J].西安地质学院学报,2011(4):412-415,420. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李树志 白国良 田迎斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 煤炭科学研究总院唐山研究院,河北唐山063012 |
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| 基金项目： | “十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目（2006BACOgB01） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了弄清楚煤矸石回填地基对复垦区的环境效应，以开滦矿区吕家坨复垦新村为例，介绍了地基回填煤矸石工艺，分析了煤矸石化学成分及其含量；采用室内淋溶实验，对pH、总硬度（CaCO3）、F^-、SO4^2-、Pb、Cd和Cr^6＋浓度等地下水环境质量指标进行分析，探讨了煤矸石回填地基对水环境的影响；讨论了煤矸石回填地基对大气质量的影响；参照《城市放射性废物管理办法》规定，评价了回填地基煤矸石的放射性对人体健康的危害。结果表明：通过现场振动压实试验确定了回填地基分层充填、分层振动压实参数及碾压趟数，确定按照煤矸石与土体积之比5：2进行回填，若回填一层厚500mm煤矸石，则要回填一层厚200mm粉煤灰或土，地表覆土厚度确定为0．5m；煤矸石中SiO2和Al2O3含量较高，属基性岩类，同时煤矸石含有炭、铝和CaO等物质，易发生水解和风化等现象；地基分层回填压实的复垦工艺减少了煤矸石中有害物质的释放量，降低了污染物的迁移速度，不会对水环境造成污染；地基回填煤矸石也显著减少粉尘和有害气体的排放量，降低对大气的污染；研究区煤矸石不属于放射性废物，不会影响人体健康，可作为建筑材料使用。
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| 关 键 词： | 煤矸石 回填地基 环境效应 地下水 放射性 污染 开滦矿区 |
Study on Environmental Effect of Foundation Backfilled with Coal Gangue |
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| Authors: | LI Shu-zhi BAI Guo-liang TIAN Ying-bin |
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| Institution: | (Tangshan Branch of China Coal Research Institute, Tangshan 063012, Hebei, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to find the environmental effect of foundation backfilled with coal gangue on the new village construction, taking the new village construction in Lujiatuo of Kailuan mining area as an example, the process of foundation backfilled with coal gangue was introduced; chemical composition and content of coal gangue were measured; the environmental quality indexes of groundwater including pH, total hardness （CaCOa） and concentration of F- , SO2 , Pb, Cd and Cr6＋ were measured with the eluviating experiment; effects of foundation backfilled with coal gangue on water and atmosphere environments were discussed; the danger of coal gangue radioactivity to human healthy was evaluated according to Regulations for Radioactive Waste Management. The results showed that through the field vibration compaction test, the layered filling and vibratory compaction parameters and rolling number of foundation backfilled were determined; the reasonable proportion for the volume ratio of coal gangue to soil was 5 ： 2, if gangue with 500 mm thickness was backfilled, then there were flyash or soil with 200 mm thickness above the gangue, and the optimal thickness of surface soil was 0.5 m the contents of SiO2 and A12 Oa of coal gangue were higher, and the coal gangue belonged to basic rock, and weathering and hydrolysis easily happened because there were carbon, aluminum and CaO in coal gangue; the reclamation process of foundation backfilled in layer and compacted decreased the hazardous substance release from coal gangue, and reduced the transport velocity of contaminant, and there was no significant influence on water environment; foundation backfilled with coal gangue decreased air pollution significantly; the coal gangue as building material was not radioactive waste, and had no adverse effect on human healthy. |
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| Keywords: | coal gangue foundation backfilled environmental effect groundwater radioactivity pollution Kailuan mining area |
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