| 天山南北前陆冲断带构造滑脱层分布差异及对圈闭样式的控制作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 侯筱晓,能源,漆家福,李跨越,胡建宁,付永红,李媛,郭曼.天山南北前陆冲断带构造滑脱层分布差异及对圈闭样式的控制作用[J].现代地质,2021,35(6):1818-1829. |
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| 作者姓名： | 侯筱晓 能源 漆家福 李跨越 胡建宁 付永红 李媛 郭曼 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 1022492.中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院,北京 1022493.中国石油大学(北京) 克拉玛依校区,新疆 克拉玛依 834000 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01A199);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2019Y072);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 天山南北前陆冲断带具有较强的差异变形特征,滑脱层的差异对前陆冲断带变形特征及圈闭样式的影响较大,对于天山南北油气勘探具有重要意义。以地震资料解释为基础,通过断距测量、缩短量统计及平衡剖面复原等手段,对天山南北前陆冲断带构造变形差异进行研究,取得如下认识:(1)天山南北前陆冲断带滑脱层性质不同,库车前陆冲断带以古近系膏盐岩为滑脱层,分层变形特征显著;准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带深层断层多穿过滑脱层,分层性差;(2)天山南北前陆冲断带新生代构造变形差异明显,库车前陆冲断带在该时期的平均缩短率为12.1%,准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带的平均缩短率为9.93%,库车前陆冲断带的新生代变形强度比准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带更强;(3)受滑脱层差异的影响,库车前陆冲断带滑脱层上下平均断距总体大于准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带,且库车前陆冲断带的缩短量呈现“单段多峰”复杂的变化趋势,这是准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带没有的特点,表明库车前陆冲断带滑脱层塑性和分层能力比准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带强;(4)基于天山南北前陆冲断带断层活动和滑脱层差异的影响,准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带以岩性—构造的复合圈闭为主,而库车前陆冲断带以盐下大型构造圈闭为主,岩性—构造圈闭为辅。准噶尔盆地南缘前陆冲断带深层和库车前陆冲断带的侏罗系—三叠系煤层、泥岩层等滑脱层控制的岩性—构造圈闭是未来油气勘探的有利目标。
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| 关 键 词： | 天山南北 构造差异 滑脱层 圈闭类型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-06-20 |
Structural Detachment Layer Distribution Variation and Trap Controls Along Foreland Thrust Belts in Northern and Southern Tianshan |
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| HOU Xiaoxiao,NENG Yuan,QI Jiafu,LI Kuayue,HU Jianning,FU Yonghong,LI Yuan,GUO Man.Structural Detachment Layer Distribution Variation and Trap Controls Along Foreland Thrust Belts in Northern and Southern Tianshan[J].Geoscience——Journal of Graduate School,China University of Geosciences,2021,35(6):1818-1829. |
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| Authors: | HOU Xiaoxiao NENG Yuan QI Jiafu LI Kuayue HU Jianning FU Yonghong LI Yuan GUO Man |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China3. China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay, Karamay,Xinjiang 834000, China |
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| Abstract: | The foreland thrust belts in northern and southern Tianshan have strong differential deformation characteristics. The detachment layer variations have great influence on the oil-gas trapping patterns in these belts, and are thus important for oil and gas exploration in both northern and southern Tianshan. Based on seismic data interpretation, fault distance measurement, shortening statistics, and balanced section restoration, we conclude that: (1) properties of the detachment layer in the foreland thrust belts in northern and southern Tianshan are different. The Paleogene gypsum-halite constitutes the detachment layer in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt, and the layered deformation characteristics are significant. Deep faults in the foreland thrust belt on the southern margin of Junggar Basin mostly crosscut the detachment layers with poor stratification; (2) Difference of Cenozoic deformation in the foreland thrust belts in northern and southern Tianshan, with the average shortening rate of 12.1% and 9.93% in the foreland thrust belts at Kuqa and on the southern margin of Junggar Basin, respectively, showing that the deformation intensity of the former was higher; (3) Affected by the detachment layer variations, the average distance between the upper and lower detachment layers of the foreland thrust belts at Kuqa is larger than that of on the southern margin of Junggar Basin. Shortening of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt shows a complex multiple-peak pattern, which is absent for the foreland thrust belt on the southern margin of Junggar Basin. This indicates that the plasticity and delamination ability of foreland thrust belt detachment layers at Kuqa are stronger than that on the southern margin of Junggar Basin; (4) Based on the different fault activity and detachment layers in the northern and southern Tianshan foreland thrust belts, the latter is mainly composed of lithologic and structural composite traps, whereas the former is dominated by large structural traps beneath the halite sequence and supplemented by lithologic-structural traps. Lithologic-structural traps controlled by detachment layers such as the Jurassic-Triassic coal seams and mudstone in the deep foreland thrust belt on the southern margin of Junggar Basin and Kuqa foreland thrust belts are favorable targets for future oil and gas exploration. |
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| Keywords: | southern and northern Tianshan structural difference detachment layer trap type |
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