| 塔北隆起X型走滑断裂成因机制的新解释 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄少英,宋兴国,罗彩明,能源,马小丹,漆家福,陈石.塔北隆起X型走滑断裂成因机制的新解释[J].现代地质,2021,35(6):1797-1808. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄少英 宋兴国 罗彩明 能源 马小丹 漆家福 陈石 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆 库尔勒 8410002.中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 1022493.中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院,北京 1022494.中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区,新疆 克拉玛依 834000 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区科研启动基金资助项目(RCYJ2018A-01-002);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2019Y072) |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地塔北隆起发育两组呈小角度相交(40°)的透入性X型走滑断裂,分别沿着NNE走向和NNW延伸。在对塔北哈拉哈塘地区三维地震资料解释的基础上,对走滑断层的几何展布特征以及断层的剖面变形特征进行研究;同时重点解析了RP6断裂和HA13断裂,分析比较NNW向与NNE向断层的变形及发育特征差异;结合盆地重磁资料以及周缘造山带的活动特征,对塔北隆起小角度的X型走滑断层的发育机制以及演化进行了分析。研究表明,塔北隆起走滑断层在垂向上具有明显的分层变形特征,分为三个构造层:震旦系-中寒武统下构造层(TH3界面以下)、上寒武统-中奥陶统中构造层(TH3-TO3t界面)和上奥陶统-石炭系上构造层(TO3t-TP界面)。断层在下构造层和中构造层中整体处于压扭环境,多发育正花状构造;上构造层中断层主要发育负花状构造或正断层,整体处于张扭环境。两组断裂比较,NNW向断裂活动性强,在各构造层中均有显著的断裂特征发育,垂向连通性强,发育先存基底断裂,而NE向断层主要发育在中构造层,在下构造层和上构造层中断层发育不明显。活动性分析表明,断层的形成与演化具有多期性,走滑断层的形成经历了三期主要活动:中寒武世末、中晚奥陶世和志留纪-石炭纪。塔北隆起X型走滑断裂的形成受到了NNW向基底断裂和薄弱带的控制,NNW向先存基底断裂带或薄弱带优先发育走滑断裂,基底断裂与主挤压应力方向的夹角小于45°-Φ/2,NNE断层的发育受NNW向先存断裂限制,最终形成小角度相交的X型断裂。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔北隆起 共轭走滑断裂 分层分期变形 成因机制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-16 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-07-15 |
Formation Mechanism of the Conjugate Strike-slip Faults in Tabei Uplift |
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| HUANG Shaoying,SONG Xingguo,LUO Caiming,NENG Yuan,MA Xiaodan,QI Jiafu,CHEN Shi.Formation Mechanism of the Conjugate Strike-slip Faults in Tabei Uplift[J].Geoscience——Journal of Graduate School,China University of Geosciences,2021,35(6):1797-1808. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Shaoying SONG Xingguo LUO Caiming NENG Yuan MA Xiaodan QI Jiafu CHEN Shi |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla,Xinjiang 841000, China2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China3. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China4. China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay, Karamay,Xinjiang 834000, China |
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| Abstract: | Two sets of permeable X-type strike-slip faults (NNE- and NNW-trending) intersecting at a small angle (40°) are developed in the Tabei uplift of the Tarim basin. Based on the interpreted 3D seismic data in the Harahartang area of northern Tarim Basin, we studied the geometric distribution characteristics and profile deformation characteristics of strike-slip faults (focusing on the RP6 and HA13 faults), and analyzed and compared the differences of deformation and development characteristics of NNW-trending and NNE-trending faults. Based on the gravity and magnetic data from the basin and the activity characteristics of the surrounding orogenic belt, the development mechanism and evolution of the small-angle X-type strike-slip fault in Tabei uplift were analyzed. The study shows that the strike-slip fault in Tabei uplift has clear vertical delamination deformation characteristics, comprising three structural layers: (lower) Sinian-Middle Cambrian (below TH3 interface), (middle) Upper Cambrian-Middle Ordovician (TH3-TO3t interface), and (upper) Upper Ordovician-Carboniferous (TO3t-TP interface). The fault was generally in a transpressive setting in the lower and middle structural layers, and developed most of the positive flower structures. In contrast, negative flower structures and normal faults were mainly developed in the upper structural layer, which was in a transtensional setting as a whole. Comparing the two fault sets, the NNW-trending ones are highly active, and there are distinctive fault characteristics in each structural layer, together with strong vertical connectivity, and the development of pre-existing basement faults. Meanwhile, the NE-trending faults are mainly developed in the middle structural layer, but unclear in the lower and upper structural layers. Activity analysis shows that the formation and evolution of faults are multistage, and that the strike-slip faulting had undergone three major phases in the late Middle Cambrian, Middle-Late Ordovician and Silurian-Carboniferous. Formation of the X-type strike-slip faults in Tabei uplift was controlled by the NNW-trending basement faults and weak zones. Strike-slip faults are developed preferentially in NNW-trending basement faults or structural weakness zones, and the angle between the basement faults and the main compressive stress direction is less than 45 °-Φ/2. Development of NNE-trending faults was restricted by the pre-existing NNW-trending faults, and finally the X-type faults intersecting at small angles were formed. |
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| Keywords: | Tabei uplift conjugate strike-slip faults layered and multistage deformation formation mechanism |
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