| 塔河油田碳酸盐岩油藏古岩溶洞穴层状结构与形成机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈华鑫,康志宏,康志江.塔河油田碳酸盐岩油藏古岩溶洞穴层状结构与形成机理[J].现代地质,2022,36(2):695-708. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈华鑫 康志宏 康志江 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院 海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室,北京 1000832. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目“海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究”(U19B6003) |
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| 摘 要： | 随着岩溶型碳酸盐岩油藏开发实践的不断深入,层状洞穴储层结构特征和流体同层连通特点逐渐被学者重视。层控岩溶结构、形成要素和过程等是本类油藏有效开发的关键。通过原始地层组构对比和野外溶洞特点,认为:塔河奥陶系岩溶层具较好的对比标志层和岩性差异,为层状岩溶洞穴发育奠定了物质基础;野外顺水平层理多层溶洞和受控于层理缝的管道型古暗河等地质现象,证实了层控岩溶普遍存在。在岩溶洞穴单井识别、连井测井对比、单井动态及地震波形特征的基础上,以典型溶洞带为例,识别出3个主要洞穴层,建立了全新的3层洞穴储集体地质结构剖面:第1层洞穴以砂砾岩充填为主要特点,第2层洞穴呈现洞穴规模大且泥质充填严重,第3层规模较小,主要发育于岩溶地貌高地。运用现代岩溶理论,探讨了层控岩溶的形成机制:碳酸盐岩原岩组构差异是岩溶作用的物质基础和主控因素之一;潜流带岩溶水(饱含CO2)控制着岩溶洞穴的横向发育,岩溶古地貌控制同层洞穴的横向差异;平缓地层条件下的潜水面水位垂向带迁移控制洞穴的岩溶期次及层状结构。基于各岩溶要素认识,构建了层状岩溶储层发育模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔河油田 碳酸盐岩油藏 古岩溶储层 层状结构 形成机理 岩溶演化模式 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-03-15 |
Stratified Structure and Formation Mechanism of Paleokarst Cave in Carbonate Reservoir of Tahe Oilfield |
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| CHEN Huaxing,KANG Zhihong,KANG Zhijiang.Stratified Structure and Formation Mechanism of Paleokarst Cave in Carbonate Reservoir of Tahe Oilfield[J].Geoscience——Journal of Graduate School,China University of Geosciences,2022,36(2):695-708. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Huaxing KANG Zhihong KANG Zhijiang |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Key Laboratory for Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Abundance Mechanism(Ministry of Education), Beijing 100083, China2. SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | With the constantly deepening development of carbonate reservoir, the structural characteristics of stratified cave reservoir and the similar connection characteristics of fluid dynamic in same layer,has been gradually discovered and attracted by researchers. Structure, formation factors and processes of stratified paleokarst were the key to the effective development of this kind of reservoir. Based on comparison of the in-situ stratigraphic fabric and the characteristics of field karst caves, it is considered that Tahe Ordovician karst systems have better correlation marker stratums and lithology difference, which lays a material foundation for the development of stratified karst caves. Geological phenomena including multi-layer karst caves along horizontal bedding and tube-shaped ancient underground steams controlled by bedding cracks in the field verify the widespread existence of stratabound karst. On the basis of well identification, well logging correlation, well performance and seismic waveform characteristics in karst caves, such as the typical karst cave zone, three main cave layers were identified and a brand-new geological structure profile of three-layer cave reservoir was established: The caves in the first layer were mainly filled with glutenites, the caves in the second layer were large in scale and seriously filled with mud, and the caves in the third layer were small in scale and mainly developed in karst landform highlands. Formation mechanism of stratabound karst was discussed by using modern karst theory: carbonate host rock fabric was one of the material basis and main controlling factors for karstification, karst water in subsurface flow zone (full of CO2) controled the lateral development of karst caves, The karst palaeogeomorphology controled the lateral difference of caves in the same layer, The vertical migration of groundwater level controled the karst stages and stratified structure of the caves under gentle formation conditions. Finally, on the basis of research and understanding, the development model of stratabound karst reservoir was constructed by integrating all karst controlling factors. |
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| Keywords: | Tahe Oilfield carbonate reservoir paleokarst reservoir stratified structure formation mechanism karst evolutionary pattern |
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