Impact of the 1960 major subduction earthquake in Northern Patagonia (Chile,Argentina) |
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| Institution: | 1. Joint Centre for Disaster Research, Massey University/GNS Science, PO Box 756, Wellington, New Zealand;2. Geological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;3. Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;4. Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas y Geoambientales (IPATEC), CONICET — Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina;5. CRUB, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina;6. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 90, Auckland, New Zealand;7. Occidental College, 1600 Campus Road, Los Angeles, CA 90041, United States;1. Liège University, Laboratoire de pétrologie, Université de Liège (B20), Allée du Six Août, 12, Liège 4000, Province de Liège, Belgium;2. Leuven University, Geology, Leuven (Arenberg), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200e - box 2408, Leuven 3001, Vlaams-Brabant, Belgium;3. Institut Scientifique de Service Publique, Rue du Chéra 200, Liège 4000, Province de Liège, Belgium;4. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne - CNRS - IRD, OPGC 6, avenue Blaise Pascal, campus universitaire des Cézeaux, Aubière 63178, Région Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes, France;1. EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, Université de Bordeaux, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS, 50023, F-33615 Pessac cedex, France;2. SHOM/DOPS/HOM/Sédimentologie, 13 rue du Chatellier, CS, 92803, F-29228 Brest cedex 2, France;3. LMV/OPGC, Université Blaise Pascal de Clermont-Ferrand, 5 rue Kessler, F-63038 Clermont-Ferrand, France;4. Laboratoire Domaines Océaniques, UMR 6538, Université de Bretagne occidentale, IUEM, rue Dumont d''Urville, F-29280 Plouzané, France |
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| Abstract: | The recent sedimentation processes in four contrasting lacustrine and marine basins of Northern Patagonia are documented by high-resolution seismic reflection profiling and short cores at selected sites in deep lacustrine basins. The regional correlation of the cores is provided by the combination of 137Cs dating in lakes Puyehue (Chile) and Frías (Argentina), and by the identification of Cordon Caulle 1921–22 and 1960 tephras in lakes Puyehue and Nahuel Huapi (Argentina) and in their catchment areas. This event stratigraphy allows correlation of the formation of striking sedimentary events in these basins with the consequences of the May–June 1960 earthquakes and the induced Cordon Caulle eruption along the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone (LOFZ) in the Andes. While this catastrophe induced a major hyperpycnal flood deposit of ca. 3×106 m3 in the proximal basin of Lago Puyehue, it only triggered an unusual organic rich layer in the proximal basin of Lago Frías, as well as destructive waves and a large sub-aqueous slide in the distal basin of Lago Nahuel Huapi. A very recent mega-turbidite in the two distal basins of Reloncavi fjord located close to the LOFZ suggests that 1960 co-seismic movements in this area may have triggered the remobilization of ca. 187×106 m3 of marine sediments. |
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