| 冰岛区域地质及矿产资源特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋喆,聂凤军,赵元艺,Hjalti Franzson,刘春花,王丰翔,张伟波.冰岛区域地质及矿产资源特征[J].地质通报,2020(5):755-764. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋喆 聂凤军 赵元艺 Hjalti Franzson 刘春花 王丰翔 张伟波 |
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| 作者单位： | 中煤地质集团有限公司北京地质调查分公司;中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所;冰岛地质调查局;中国地质调查局发展研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目《“一带一路”资源潜力综合分析与成果应用》( 编号: 12120115065901) 《全球巨型成矿带区域构造与成矿地质背景对比研究》( 编号: 1212011120325) 和《中蒙边境大型-特大型铜-金、铀和稀有金属矿集区对比研究》( 编号: 12120115066201) |
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| 摘 要： | 冰岛是欧洲的第二大岛屿,在成因类型上,是由于地幔柱上涌而形成的碱性玄武岩区,属于周期性的海底岩浆活动和海底火山喷发而形成的火山岛。全岛主要由玄武岩组成,并可分为4个主要地层单元,分别为中新世—早上新世岩层、晚上新世—早更新世岩层、晚更新世岩层及冰后期岩层。构造方面,冰岛火山断裂系统发育,可分为3个火山侧翼带和4个火山裂谷带。冰岛地热资源极丰富,其具有分布广、类型多、温度高、地热流体多为淡水等特征。近年来,冰岛发现了一系列金矿(化)点,主要分布在冰岛沿海地区,可分为3个成矿带,与地热系统具有密切的时空分布关系,成因类型多为浅成低温热液型金矿床,与中国新疆西天山地区阿希金矿床具有相似的成矿环境和地质特征。在系统收集前人资料的基础上,简要介绍了冰岛地质特征及演化历史,阐述了冰岛地热、金矿资源分布规律,旨在为中国地质科技人员了解冰岛的地质和矿产资源特征提供参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 冰岛 区域地质 地热资源 浅成低温热液型金矿床 |
Regional geological and mineral resources characteristics of Iceland |
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| JIANG Zhe,NIE Fengjun,ZHAO Yuanyi,HJALTI Franzson,LIU Chunhua,WANG Fengxiang,ZHANG Weibo.Regional geological and mineral resources characteristics of Iceland[J].Geologcal Bulletin OF China,2020(5):755-764. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Zhe NIE Fengjun ZHAO Yuanyi HJALTI Franzson LIU Chunhua WANG Fengxiang ZHANG Weibo |
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| Institution: | (China Coal Geology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing Geological Survey Branch Company,Beijing 100040,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Beijing 100037,China;Geological Survey of Iceland,Iceland;Development Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037,China) |
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| Abstract: | Located in central North Atlantic Ocean,Iceland is an island lying between the North Atlantic and Greenland Sea.It is the second largest island in Europe.It is an alkaline basalt area,which belongs to the periodic submarine magmatism and submarine volcano eruption resulting from mantle plume upwelling.The island is mainly composed of basalt,and can be divided into four major stratigraphic units,i.e.,the Tertiary unit,the Plio-Pleistocene unit,the Upper Pleistocene unit and the Postglacial unit.The Icelandic volcano fracture system can betectonically divided into three flank zones and four volcanic rift zones.The geothermal resources in Iceland have such features as wide distribution,various types,high temperature,and freshwater nature of the geothermal fluid.In recent years,geological departments have found a series of gold deposits(mineralization spots)in Iceland.Mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Iceland,they can be divided into three metallogenic belts.Being epithermal deposits,the gold deposits have a close relationship with the geothermal system.It should be mentioned that they are very similar to the Axi gold deposit in northern Xinjiang.Based on previous data,this paper introduces the geological features and evolution history of Iceland briefly,and elaborates the distribution of geothermal and gold resources so as to provide a reference for Chinese scientists and technicians. |
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| Keywords: | Iceland geological features geothermal resources epithermal type gold deposit |
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