| 深海热液口化能合成共生作用的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘昕明,林荣澄,黄丁勇.深海热液口化能合成共生作用的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(7):794-801. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘昕明 林荣澄 黄丁勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建 厦门 361005;广西海洋环境监测中心站,广西 北海536000
2. 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建 厦门,361005 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国大洋协会项目"西南印度洋多金属硫化物资源合同区生物学基线及其变化"，国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"大洋深海热液区甲壳动物分类研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 海洋无脊椎动物和细菌间的化能合成共生作用的发现,改变了人们对深海热液口初级生产力主要来源的认知.近年的研究表明,营化能合成共生的动物隶属于纤毛门、软体动物门、环节动物门和节肢动物门；其中无脊椎动物作为宿主在与共生菌的长期共生过程中,伴随着部分器官和功能的退化或消失,逐渐形成和演化出了与此相适应的形态结构,并产生了一些特殊的行为；在深海热液口发现的所有化能合成共生菌都属于革兰氏阴性菌,它们的宿主大致可以分为2个群体；通过16 SrRNA基因编码分析,不同代谢类型的共生菌在系统发育中通常处于不同分支,形态也有所差异；共生菌独特的传播方式和进化模式也使其更加适应共生生活；由无脊椎动物和化能合成细菌构成的共生体系与环境相互作用,影响了深海热液口生态系统的演化.对共生菌蛋白质及代谢组学的研究,以及对宿主生理和代谢机制的研究将成为未来热液口化能合成共生作用研究的新热点.
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| 关 键 词： | 深海热液口 化能合成共生作用 宿主 共生菌 |
Research Progress of the Chemosynthetic Symbioses in the Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent |
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| Liu Xinming,Lin Rongcheng,Huang Dingyong.Research Progress of the Chemosynthetic Symbioses in the Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2013,28(7):794-801. |
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| Authors: | Liu Xinming Lin Rongcheng Huang Dingyong |
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| Institution: | 1.Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Adminstration, Xiamen 361005, China;;
2.Marine Environmental Monitor Center of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China |
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| Abstract: | The discovery of the chemosynthetic symbioses between marine invertebrates and bacteria revolutionized our understanding of the energy sources that fuel primary productivity in the deep sea. Chemosynthetic host were classified within four major group including Ciliophora，Mollusca，Annelida and Arthropoda; Symbiotic invertebrates with anatomical adaptations of chemosynthetic associations are usually characterized by rudimentary or absent digestive system. Effective behavioural and physiological strategies are also used by animals to supply their symbionts with both reductants and oxidants. All the symbionts are Gram negative bacteria, and clustered in two different branches related to symbiont type in the phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, distinct differences in morphology were also observed between the two groups. The transmission and evolution strategy utilized by symbionts have been inferred from phylogenetic evidence. Interaction between the symbiotic system and environment will finally influence the evolution of ecosystem. Some hot spots were mentioned including the research of ‘moics’ and metabolic pathways for both the symbionts and their hosts. |
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| Keywords: | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent Chemosynthesis Host Bacterial symbionts |
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