| 气候模式中云辐射反馈过程机理的评述 |
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| 引用本文： | 汪方,丁一汇.气候模式中云辐射反馈过程机理的评述[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(2):207-215. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汪方 丁一汇 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学,江苏,南京,210044;中国气象科学研究院,北京,100081;中国气象局国家气候中心,北京,100081 |
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| 摘 要： | 云对地气系统的辐射收支具有十分重要的作用，云辐射参数化是目前气候模式中不确定性的主要来源。云可以通过多种途径对辐射产生影响，形成不同符号、不同量值的反馈机制。研究表明，模式气候对不同的云辐射参数化方案十分敏感。预报云水含量方案的引入，改进了对云辐射过程的模拟，但与观测资料相比仍有差距。一般说来，模式中引入云水的相变和相互作用的云粒子大小产生负反馈，而光学厚度和云量产生的是正反馈。云辐射反馈的净作用其大小和符号因模式而异。云辐射与大尺度天气气候背景之间有着紧密的联系，尤其是海温对辐射平衡有显著影响。最后总结了当前云辐射研究中存在的主要问题，并提出了改进的途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 气候模式 云辐射反馈 参数化 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-8166(2005)02-0207-09 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-01-29 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年1月29日 |
AN EVALUATION OF CLOUD RADIATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISMS IN CLIMATE MODELS |
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| WANG Fang,DING Yi-hui.AN EVALUATION OF CLOUD RADIATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISMS IN CLIMATE MODELS[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2005,20(2):207-215. |
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| Authors: | WANG Fang DING Yi-hui |
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| Institution: | 1.Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China；;
2.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,China；;
3.National Climate Center,CMA,Beijing 100081,China |
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| Abstract: | Cloud plays an important role in the radiative budget of climate system, and cloud-radiation parameterization is one of the main sources of uncertainty in climate models. Cloud can impact radiation through various ways, resulting in feedbacks with different sign and magnitude. Researches show that model climate is very sensitive to cloud-radiation parameterization schemes. As predictable cloud water content is introduced to models, the simulation of cloud-radiation processes is improved,though significant difference from observations still exists. Generally, the introduction of phase change of cloud water and interactive cloud droplet size can produce negative feedbacks, while the cloud optical depth feedback and cloud amount feedback are positive in climate change. Cloud-radiation has a close connection with large-scale background of climate, especially the remarkable SST effect on radiation balance. We also summarize the main problems of present cloud-radiation researches and give some proposals. |
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| Keywords: | Climate models Cloud radiative feedback Parameterization |
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