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农田生态系统养分迁移转化与优化管理研究
引用本文:杨林章,孙波,刘健.农田生态系统养分迁移转化与优化管理研究[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(3):441-445.
作者姓名:杨林章  孙波  刘健
作者单位:1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京,210008
2. 中国科学院资源环境科学与技术局,北京,100864
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 (KZCX2 -4 13 )资助
摘    要:从生态环境质量的角度,综述了农田生态系统养分的迁移转化和循环研究的进展,同时从社会科学的角度分析了国家政策和农民施肥行为的影响。分析表明以往国内的研究需要加强农田生态环境效应的研究,进一步明确农田生态系统 N、P、K的迁移通量及其估算方法,建立计算养分损失的模型及相关参数,特别需要研究国家相关政策和农民的施肥行为等对肥料生产、使用与管理的影响,并提出相关政策建议和措施示范。

关 键 词:农田生态系统  养分  迁移  转化  优化管理  环境
文章编号:1001-8166(2002)03-0441-05
收稿时间:2001-02-04
修稿时间:2001-04-25

PROGRESS IN TRANSLOCATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF NUTRIENTS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS AND ITS OPTIMIZED MANAGEMENT
YANG Lin zhang ,SUN Bo ,LIU Jian.PROGRESS IN TRANSLOCATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF NUTRIENTS IN AGROECOSYSTEMS AND ITS OPTIMIZED MANAGEMENT[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(3):441-445.
Authors:YANG Lin zhang  SUN Bo  LIU Jian
Institution:1.Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing  210008, China;2. Bureau of Resources and Environmental Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
Abstract:From the viewpoint of eco environmental quality, the progress in research on the translocation, transformation and cycle of nutrients in agroecosystems is reviewed. So do the effect of governmental policy and farmer behavior. The cycle of nutrients (C, N, P, S) and its environmental effect has received more attention, and the relative networks at national scale have been set up monitoring and study the above processes. One hot point in recent research is building nonpoint models and integrating them into GIS to quantitate the nutrients loss, and at the same time take into account the effects of change in policy, institution and farmer production. The problems facing to the sustainable development of agriculture in China include mainly arable land reduction, soil quality degradation, and expanded non point pollution caused by huge input of chemical fertilizer. The domestic research of nutrient cycling in agroecosystems needs strengthening in the field of eco environmental effect. The problems should be paid attention to, in the near future, the quantity of translocation flux of nutrients and its estimation methods, the models for calculating the loss of nutrients and the relative parameters, especially the effect of governmental policy and farmer behavior on the production, utilization and management. At the end, the policy and optimized management measures were given in this paper. According to the advances in research and the national demand to solve the problems in agriculture and environment, a project was launched by Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the translocation and transformation of nutrients in the key agroecosystems and its optimized management, which is conducted relying on Chinese Ecological Research Network (CERN).
Keywords:Agroecosystems  Environment  Nutrients  Translocation  Transformation  Optimized management
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