| 黑河流域水环境演变及其驱动机制研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 肖生春,肖洪浪.黑河流域水环境演变及其驱动机制研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(7):748-755. |
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| 作者姓名： | 肖生春 肖洪浪 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所黑河生态水文与流域集成管理研究实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目"黑河流域生态-水文过程研究集成"
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中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"黑河流域水-生态经济系统综合管理试验示范"
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中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"黑河流域水循环与水资源管理研究" |
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| 摘 要： | 基于近几十年来诸多学者对西北干旱区典型内陆河流域——黑河流域水环境演变诸方面研究成果，综述了上游山区成水环境、中游绿洲用水环境和下游荒漠天然绿洲水成环境在不同时间尺度上的演变过程及其驱动机制。通过对各种古环境代用指标的对比研究表明：在大尺度上，流域上下游表现出阶段性的一致性水环境演变趋势；在小尺度上，则表现水环境演变的时空异质性。驱动机制方面，在空间上，流域上、中、下游水环境演变的气候变化和人类活动影响驱动作用各有侧重；在时间上，表现为不同尺度上气候变化与流域人类活动耦合作用的驱动机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 水环境演变 时空尺度 人类活动 气候变化 黑河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-05-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008-05-22 |
Advances in the Study of the Water Regime Process and Driving Mechanism in the Heihe River Basin |
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| XIAO Shengchun,XIAO Honglang.Advances in the Study of the Water Regime Process and Driving Mechanism in the Heihe River Basin[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2008,23(7):748-755. |
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| Authors: | XIAO Shengchun XIAO Honglang |
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| Institution: | Heihe Laboratory of Ecohydrology and Integrated Basin Management, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | water resources of inland watershed in arid region are formed in the mountainous area, the upper reaches, utilized and consumed mostly in the oasis for agricultural irrigation in the middle reaches, and exhausted in the desert area for the natural river and terminal lake ecosystem sustaining in the lower reaches. Due to the characteristics of the hydrological cycle in the watershed, the water regime can be divided into water yield area, water consume area and water formed area in the upper, middle and lower reaches, respectively. These basic natural features determined and controlled the water regime process in the inland watershed in temporal spatial scale. The water regime process and its driving mechanism on the varied temporal spatial scales in the mountain area of upstream, oasis of middle stream and desert area of down stream in the Heihe river basin, which was the representative inland watershed in the arid regions in northwest China, was studied and summarized based on many scholars' works of the last decades. By comparing to the varied proxies of the ancient environmental changes, the result showed that the water regime process presented similar trend in the special period on large scales in the upstream and downstream area, while the temporal spatial heterogeneity on small scales. To the driving mechanisms, the effects of the climate change and human activity on the water regime process in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Heihe river was in different weightiness. And the two factors presented the coupling model in different temporal scales. In the nearest future, it needs more works in the water regime process on basin scale as follow: (1) to reconstruct the water regime process in the water yield area systematically by the ice core and tree ring record, especially in the area in the west upper branch of the Heihe river due to its water contributions to the lower reaches before 1940′s. (2) to pay more attention to the oasis evolution in the middle reaches that was driven by the government policies, population changes, agricultural technique development and its related population capacity changes of the water resources and climate changes. (3)to understand deeply the relationships between the water resources and the natural oasis changes based on the study of the environment changes in the period of the last 500 years and recent 50 years which was the increasing and maximum periods of the human activities. |
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| Keywords: | Water regime process Temporal spatial scale Human activity Climate changes The Heihe river basin |
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