| 二纺蛛总科（蜘蛛目：新蛛下目）蜘蛛化石研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭向博,任东.二纺蛛总科（蜘蛛目：新蛛下目）蜘蛛化石研究进展[J].地质论评,2022,68(5):1871-1880. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭向博 任东 |
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| 作者单位： | 首都师范大学生命科学学院，北京，100048 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文为国家自然科学基金资助项目（编号：31730087、32020103006）的成果 |
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| 摘 要： | 二纺蛛总科包括5个现生科、5个化石科以及一些科级位置未定的化石物种，是蜘蛛目中较为古老的一个类群。目前已知最早的二纺蛛总科化石记录可以追溯到早侏罗世，但分子系统发育研究推测其起源时间为二叠纪。二纺蛛总科蜘蛛在中生代最为繁盛，化石物种相对较多，是蜘蛛化石类群的重要组成部分。而现生二纺蛛总科蜘蛛十分稀少，且主要分布在热带和亚热带地区。近年来的系统发育研究认为二纺蛛总科可能是复杂生殖器类的姐妹群，是蜘蛛演化研究的关键类群。因此，本文对二纺蛛总科分类系统的研究历史进行了回顾，总结了二纺蛛总科化石类群在不同地质历史时期的组成和分布，统计了二纺蛛总科蜘蛛化石的名录。目前，二纺蛛总科蜘蛛化石分类研究基础薄弱，部分化石类群的系统位置存疑，二纺蛛总科内部系统发育关系尚不清晰。在将来的研究中，需要利用多种技术手段获取化石材料的形态学信息，打好分类学基础；结合化石类群和现生类群进行系统发育分析；进而联系古地理、古生态、生物学行为等研究，全方位分析二纺蛛总科的自然演化历史。
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| 关 键 词： | 二纺蛛总科 分类系统 地质历史 化石名录 演化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/3/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/5/19 0:00:00 |
Progress on the studies of Palpimanoidea (Araneae: Araneomorphae) fossils |
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| GUO Xiangbo,REN Dong.Progress on the studies of Palpimanoidea (Araneae: Araneomorphae) fossils[J].Geological Review,2022,68(5):1871-1880. |
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| Authors: | GUO Xiangbo REN Dong |
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| Institution: | College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048 |
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| Abstract: | The superfamily Palpimanoidea is an old lineage of spiders, it contains five extant families, five fossil families and several fossil species which cannot be classified into any families. The oldest known palpimanoid fossil was reported dating back to the Early Jurassic, thought molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that it may originate from Permian. Palpimanoid fossil spiders had a relatively high diversity in the Mesozoic, representing an important part of spider fossils. However, extant palpimanoids are quite rare, and mainly restricted in tropical and subtropical regions. Recent phylogenetic analyses considered Palpimanoidea as a possible sister- group of Entelegynae, thus, palpimanoids are an important group for understanding spider evolution. In this paper, the research history of Palpimanoidea systematics is briefly reviewed, the geological history of palpimanoid fossils is summarized, and a list of palpimanoid fossils is provided. At present, some problems on the research of palpimanoid fossils are as follows: the foundation of taxonomical study is weak; phylogenetic placements of some fossil groups are considered as controversial; the relationships among fossil and extant taxa in the Palpimanoidea are ambiguous. In the future studies, getting more detailed morphological data by using multiple technologies is needed to lay a better foundation of taxonomical study on Palpimanoidea; phylogenetic analysis including both fossil and extant taxa is needed; and then, exploring the natural evolutionary history of palpimanoid spiders by combining the researches of paleogeography, paleoecology and biological behaviors is needed. |
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| Keywords: | Palpimanoidea systematics geological history list of palpimanoid fossils evolution |
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