Holocene and Eemian climatic optima in the Korean Peninsula based on textural and carbon isotopic records from the stalagmite of the Daeya Cave,South Korea |
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| Authors: | Kyoung-nam Jo Kyung Sik Woo Hyoun Soo Lim Hai Cheng R Lawrence Edwards Yongjin Wang Xiuyang Jiang Ryeon Kim Jae Il Lee Ho Il Yoon Kyu-Cheul Yoo |
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| Institution: | 1. Korea Polar Research Institute, KORDI, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Gangwondo 200-701, Republic of Korea;3. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China;4. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, MN 55455, USA;5. Department of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China;1. School of Environmental and Life Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;2. Department of Resource Management and Geography, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;3. School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;4. The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;5. Institute of Geology and Paleontology, The University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;1. Dept. of Geography Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 314-701, Republic of Korea;2. Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea;3. Dept. of Petroleum Resources Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea;4. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea;5. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China;1. Marine Geology and Geophysics Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), 787 Hean-ro11, Ansan, 426-744, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA;3. Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Republic of Korea;4. Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea;5. Petroleum and Marine Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea;6. Jeongok Prehistory Museum, Gyeonggi Province, 486-903, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Geography and Institute for Korean Regional Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Anthropology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea;1. Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST, Incheon 406-640, Republic of Korea;2. Korea National Oil Corporation, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 431-711, Republic of Korea;3. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1 Sinlim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Textural and stable isotopic records from the absolute-dated stalagmite of the Daeya Cave (DY-1) provide new insights into the climatic evolution of the Korean Peninsula during the Holocene and Eemian climatic optima. The stalagmite yielded ages of 8572 ± 227 to 5907 ± 158 and 1,23,456 ± 535 to 1,19,837 ± 1089 years, which coincide with the Holocene and Eemian climatic optima, respectively. The stalagmite’s δ13C record closely resembles previously reported Chinese speleothem δ18O data. Thus it can be suggested that textural and geochemical results of the DY-1 reflect East Asian monsoon intensity, which is forced by summer insolation patterns in the northern hemisphere. Lighter carbon isotopic compositions, well-developed fibrous calcite crystals, and their relatively faster growth rate in the stalagmite sample are interpreted to reflect the warmest and wettest climate conditions of the Holocene and Eemian interglacials. Both climatic optima took place when insolation was decreasing from its maximum level, temperature in Greenland was highest, and sea level approached its maximum level. These climatic optima also coincide with decreasing Antarctic temperatures. Compared the DY-1 data to other proxies, it is suggested that the Holocene and Eemian climatic optima developed through a balance among boreal insolation, monsoon intensity, and sea level (also continental ice volume), which are the main climatic forcing factors in the northern hemisphere. These trends also follow the bi-polar seesaw mechanism as previously described. |
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