Tracing of water movement through the unsaturated zone of a coarse gravel aquifer by means of dye and deuterated water |
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| Authors: | Nina Mali Janko Urbanc Albrecht Leis |
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| Institution: | (1) Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia;(2) Institute of Water Resources Management, Hydrogeology and Geophysics, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria |
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| Abstract: | To better understand the movement and transport of water and pollution through the coarse gravel unsaturated zone, the presented
research was conducted to estimate water flow and transport processes with a tracing experiment in a lysimeter in the Selniška
Dobrava. A combined tracing experiment was performed with deuterated water and the fluorescent dye—uranine. The fastest and
dominant flow velocities were calculated based on injection time, the first tracer appearance time and the time of highest
concentration. Mean flow velocity and vertical dispersion were estimated by an analytical best-fit method using one-dimensional
convection–dispersion model. Deuterium was confirmed as an ideal conservative tracer and a more suitable tracer than dye (uranine)
for the study of water flow in the unsaturated zone of a coarse gravel aquifer. The retardation factor of the dye as compared
with deuterium was 1.13–1.75, which is in agreement with previously published results. Artificial tracers, especially deuterated
water, were also identified as a very useful tool to assess other properties and differences in water flow in the unsaturated
zone of a coarse gravel aquifer such as velocity and dispersion. |
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