Heavy metals in freshly deposited sediments of the Gomati River (a tributary of the Ganga River): effects of human activities |
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| Authors: | M Singh A A Ansari G Müller I B Singh |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Environmental Geochemistry, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, DE;(2) Department of Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India, IN;(3) Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Erlangen Nürnberg University, D-91054 Nürnberg, Germany, DE |
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| Abstract: | The concentrations of various metals (Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cd) were determined in recently deposited surface
sediments of the Gomati River in the Lucknow urban area. Markedly elevated concentrations (milligrams per kilogram) of some
of the metals, Cd (0.26–3.62), Cu (33–147), Ni (45–86), Pb (25–77), and Zn (90–389) were observed. Profiles of these metals
across the Lucknow urban stretch show a progressive downstream increase due to additions from 4 major drainage networks discharging
the urban effluents into the river. The degree of metal contamination is compared with the local background and global standards.
The geoaccumulation index order for the river sediments is Cd>Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb. Significant correlations were observed between
Cr and Zn, Cr and Cu, Cu and Zn and total sediment carbon with Cr and Zn. This study reveals that the urbanization process
is associated with higher concentrations of heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn in the Gomati River sediments. To
keep the river clean for the future, it is strongly recommended that urban effluents should not be overlooked before their
discharge into the river.
Received: 16 February 1996 · Accepted: 29 February 1996 |
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| Keywords: | Heavy metals Sediment India |
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